raynauds and scleroderma Flashcards
(14 cards)
what is the scleroderma spectrum of disease ?
raynaud’s phenomenon
systemic sclerosis - affecting skin and internal organs
localized sclerosis - affecting skin only
what is raynauds ?
exaggerated vasoconstrictor response to normal stimuli
imbalance off vasoconstrictor and vasodilator signals
what are the stages of raynaud’s ?
initial white - vasoconstriction
followed by blue - cyanosis
rapid blood reflow - hyperemia
what investigations can be used to investigate a case of suspected raynaud’s ?
thermography
capillaroscopy
autoimmune profile
types of Raynaud’s ?
primary
secondary
what are the good prognostic factors of primary raynaud’s ?
teenage and early 20s
stable symptoms
familial
normal nailfold capillaries
negative ANA
main differences between primary and secondary raynaud’s ?
primary occurs in younger aged women m usually familial , ANA negative, no trophic changes
secondary - occurs in older ages , signs of underlying autoimmune diseases, moree prone to trophic changes, positive ANA
secondary raynaud’s is most commonly associated with which disease ?
Systemic sclerosis
what drugs could cause Raynauds ?
chemotherapeutics
bromocriptine
ergo-alkaloids
b-blockers
what are the Raynaud like conditions ?
vasculitis
antiphospholipid syndrome
Buerger disease
Macrovascular disease - embolic, thrombotic or atheeroscleerotic complications
what is the treatment for single short attacks of raynaud’s ?
warmth
heating appliances
cessation of smoking
vitamin C and E
what is the treatment for frequent long attacks of raynaud’s, presence of digital ulcers ?
calcium channel blockers
angiotensin II receptor antagonist
SSRI
GTN patches
treatment for severe attacks and ulcers associated with raynaud’s ?
IV iloprost sympathectomy
what drug is commonly associated with systemic sclerosis ?
bleomycin
