- IDA - sideroblastic anemia - thalassemia

- megaloblastic anemia - macrocytosis - spherocytosis

RBC Flashcards by Ruth Joy De Guzman

Refers to erythrocytes wherein the central light area of
the cell is larger and paler than the normal

Hypochromic cell

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Normal size of red blood cell

7-8 um

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Red cells which have an increased hb content and
wherein the central light area is smaller than the normal

Hyperchromic cell

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MCH of Hypochromic

<27 pg/cell

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MCH of Normochromic

27-31
pg/cell.

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MCH of Hyperchromic

> 31 pg/cell.

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example of Hypochromic cell.

Spherocytes

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This condition wherein the red cell are stained with
various shades of blue with tinges of pink.

Polychromatophilia or Polychromasia or Diffuse Basophilia

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Condition where in the red cells appear pale

HYPOCHROMASIA

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2 possible causes of hypochromasia:

 Dec hb concentration
 Abnormal thinness of the cells

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Most common type of
anemia and this is also
the anemia, which is
easy to treat.

IDA (Iron Deficiency
Anemia)

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A problem in the heme
synthesis. There is a blockage of iron in the
photophorphyrin.

Sideroblastic anemia

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Another type of anemia. The problem here is the
alpha and beta globin chain. It is possible that these
globin chains are not present.

Thalassemia

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The grading would depend on the area of central pallor.

HYPOCHROMASIA GRADING

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Condition wherein the red cell are deeply stained to
abnormal thickness of
cells.

HYPERCHROMASIA

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Abnormal shape of RBC wherein there is no central
pallor

Spherocytosis

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Either caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency or the Folic
Acid deficiency.

Megaloblastic anemia

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AD in HYPOCHROMASIA

IDA
sideroblastic anemia
thalassemia

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AD in HYPERCHROMASIA

megaloblastic anemia
macrocytosis
spherocytosis

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Condition where in the red cells vary in size both macrocytes and microcytes coexist on the same smear.

ANISTOCYTOSIS

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AD in normocytes

hemolytic anemia and
aplastic anemia.

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there is a premature
destruction of the red blood cells in which the RBC
cannot reach the 120 days.

hemolytic anemia

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the target here is the bone
marrow. If a patient has aplastic anemia, all of
his/her rbcs, wbcs, and platelets will fall to low
levels.

Aplastic anemia

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hallmark of aplastic anemia

Pancytopenia

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Defect of macrocyte

Abnormal nuclear maturation but normal cytoplasmic maturation

AD in macrocyte

Non-Megaloblastic anemia myelodysplatic syndrome  Chronic liver disease  BM failure  Reticulocytosis

Defect of microcyte

Abnormal cytoplasmic maturation but normal nuclear maturation

Mitosis found in:

 Iron deficiency anemia  Thalassemia  Hemolytic anemia  Hb E disease

Large oval-shaped red cell which is 9-12 um

MEGALOCYTE

Megalocytosis is found in

Megaloblastic anemias like pernicious anemia

Red cells exhibit variation in shape

poikilocytosis

Problems in shape could be due to

carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

Normal cells with a biconcave disc shape with increased surface volume surface

DISCOCYTE

Associated disease of discocyte

 Acute post hemorrhagic anemia  Aplastic anemia

ACANTHOCYTES other name

SPUR CELL

ACANTHOCYTES also known as

thorn cells

small dense RBC with few irregularly SPACED projections of varying length

ACANTHOCYTES

Defect of spur cell

abnormal membrane defect caused by an increase sphingomyelin and dec in cholesterol and phospholipid

Thorn cells have unevenly pointed projections

ACANTHOCYTES

Associated Disease in acanthocytes

Neuroacanthocytosis Severe liver disease hepatitis of the newborn, as well as malabsorption

BISCUIT CELL other name

(FOLDED RBC

Cell membrane is folded

BISCUIT CELL

Cell assumes a “ Pocket book roll” appearance or biscuit shape

FOLDED RBC

AD in folder rbc

HbSC disease, HbCC diseas

BURR CELL other name

ECHINOCYTES

burr cell also known as

Crenated cells or Burr cells under sea urchin

Abnormal lipid content of the membrane

burr cell

cell with irregularly spaced blunt processes,

BURR CELL

AD in burr cell

Uremia, MAHA, liver ds, DIC, TTP, PK

change in osmotic pressure.

burr cell

BLISTER CELL other name

bite cell

G6P def. resulting to accumulation of Heinz bodies

defect of bite cell

cell w/ eccentric vacuoles due to the plucked out Heinz body

blister cell or bite cell

AD in bite cell

G6PD def., HUS MAHA

CODOCYTES also known as

target cells, mexican hat, bull's eye appearance

Def. in cholesterol, phospholipid in the membrane Def in Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase ( LCAT)

target cell

: Cell w/ central area of Hb surrounded by colorless area and a peripheral ring

codocyte

TEARDROP CELL other name

dacrocyte

Sometimes called as pear-shaped with blunt projections

DACROCYTE

ADS in dacrocyte

Hemolytic Anemia, Megaloblastic Anemia, and Myelodysplastic syndrome and Myelophthisic anemia

ELLIPTOCYTES also known as

ovalocytes

described as sausage form, pencil form, and egg form

ovalocytes or elliptocytes

SPHEROCYTES Also known as cells

ball-shaped cells

Increase osmotic fragility

SPHEROCYTES

ADS in spherocytes

 Hereditary spherocytosis  Immune hemolytic anemia  Extensive burns (along with schistocyte)

SICKLE CELLS other name

drepanocyte

thin and elongated with pointed ends and are well filled with Hb.

sickle cell

SCHISTOCYTES other name

SCHIZOCYTE

irregularly, contracted cell; fragmented cell

SCHISTOCYTES

Characterize by an elongated or slit-like area of central pallor

STOMATOCYTE

Stomatocytosis is found in:

 Alcoholic cirrhosis  Hereditary stomatocytosis  Hepatobiliary disease  Rh null syndrome

AD in DIFFUSE BASOPHILIA

Hemolytic anemia. After treatment for iron, vitamin B12, or folate deficiency,

appearance of BASOPHILIC STIPPLING

Blueberry bagel appearance

 ADC in BASOPHILIC STIPPLING

Lead poisoning  Thalassemia  Hemoglobinopathies  Megaloblastic anemia  Myelodysplastic syndrome

Irregular clusters of small, light to dark blue granules often near periphery of the cell.

PAPPENHEIMER BODIES

stain used in PAPPENHEIMER BODIES

Perl’s Prussian Blue

imparts“golf ball” appearance to RBCs

Hgb H INCLUSIONS

stacks of coins

. Rouleaux formation

. Rouleaux formation can be seen in what condition?

multiple myeloma, stromato globulin anemia.

due to the way of extraction

. Partially hemolyzed RBC

RBC Flashcards

(80 cards)