RBC, Blood Types

Question 1

Components of blood

Answer 1

plasma (55%)
leukocytes and platelets (1%)
erythrocytes (44%)

Question 2

What is in plasma?

Answer 2

water, proteins (albumin, fibrinogen, globulins), electrolytes

Question 3

What is hematocrit?

Answer 3

cellular elements~ RBC

Question 4

What is serum?

Answer 4

plasma minus clotting factors

Question 5

What is the lifespan of a RBC, where is it destroyed?

Answer 5

120 days

spleen

Question 6

Do RBC have a nucleus? Do they have mitochondia?

Answer 6

no & no

Question 7

What is the shape of a RBC?

Answer 7

biconcave

Question 8

What enzyme do RBC contain?

Answer 8

carbonic anhydrase

Question 9

carbonic anhydrase

Answer 9

enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction between CO2 + H2O to form carbonic acid (H2CO3)

Question 10

In what form does water of the blood transport CO2?

Answer 10

bicarbonate ion (HCO3-)

Question 11

How much hemoglobin do men and women have?

Answer 11

45% (15g/dl) men

40% (14g/dl) women

Question 12

Hemoglobin

Answer 12

the protein in RBC responsible for carrying oxygen

4 subunits each with iron and heme group

Question 13

anemia

Answer 13

lower than normal number of RBC or quantity of hemoglobin

Question 14

blood loss anemia

Answer 14

hemorrhage

Question 15

hemolytic anemia

Answer 15

sickle cell anemia

autoimmune disease

Question 16

microcytic anemia

Answer 16

lack of iron

low hemoglobin concentration

Question 17

megaloblastic anemia

Answer 17

B12, folate deficiency

Question 18

polycythemia vera

Answer 18

thick blood, slow flow, clot easily, increase in Hb

Question 19

describe the genesis of RBCs

Answer 19

1-proerythroblast
2-basophil erythroblast
3- polychromatophil erythroblast
4- orthochromatic eryhtroblast
5- reticulocyte
6- erthrocyte

Question 20

chart microcytic anemia

Answer 20

Hb- decrease
RBC- decrease
Hematocrit- decrease
MCV- decrease
MCH- decrease

Question 21

chart megaloclastic anemia

Answer 21

Hb- decrease
RBC- decrease
Hematocrit- decrease
MCV- increase
MCH- increase

Question 22

chart blood loss anemia

Answer 22

Hb- decrease
RBC- decrease
Hematocrit- decrease
MCV- normal
MCH- normal

Question 23

MCV

Answer 23

mean corpuscular volume

Question 24

MCH

Answer 24

mean corpuscular hemoglobin

Question 25

What are factors that decrease tissue oxygenation?

Answer 25

``` hypovolemia anemia low Hb poor blood flow pulmonary disease ```

Question 26

What controls the amount of RBCs created?

Answer 26

the amount of tissue oxygenation

Question 27

erythropoletin

Answer 27

a circulating hormone that senses low oxygen states and is formed in the kidneys

Question 28

how does erythropoletin work?

Answer 28

1- stimulates production of RBCs by the stem cells | 2- causes cells to pass more rapidly through the different erthroblastic phases

Question 29

What is blood doping/infusion?

Answer 29

administration of blood products, RBC, EPO or related products to increase oxygen carrying capacity

Question 30

agglutinogens

Answer 30

antigens on the surface of RBCs | A, B, AB, neither

Question 31

agglutinins

Answer 31

antibodies that your body produces against the antigens your RBCs do NOT have

Question 32

Rh

Answer 32

transmembrane proteins that help transport ammonia

Question 33

Rh D

Answer 33

most common antigen | if you have D then you are Rh + and if you don't then you are Rn -

Question 34

Do Rh negative people develop Rh agglutinins to Rh positive factor exposure?

Answer 34

Yes

Question 35

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 35

when the mother is Rh - and the fetus is Rh + and the mothers agglutinins diffuse through the placenta into the fetus and cause agglutination

Question 36

with future pregnancies of the erythroblastosis fetalis disease is there more or less signs of disease?

Answer 36

more signs of the disease with the 2nd child and even more with the 3rd

Question 37

Draw out a RBC compatibility table

Answer 37

Blood cells, types PPT Slide 16

Question 38

What are the types of blood reactions?

Answer 38

``` mismatched blood (A and B or neg and pos) agglutination (clumping) RBC destruction (hemolysis) Circulatory shock kidney failure ```