RBC Morphology to Diseases and symptoms

Question 1

Acanthocytes

Answer 1

Abetalipoproteinemia
Severe liver disease
Splenectomy
Malabsorption
Hypothyroidism
Vitamin E deficiency

Question 2

Burr cell

Answer 2

Uremia
PK deficiency
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Neonates (especially premature)
Artifact

Question 3

Spherocytes

Answer 3

Hereditary Spherocytosis
Some hemolytic anemias
Transfused cells
Severe Burns

Question 4

Target cell

Answer 4

Hemoglobinopathies
Thalassemia
Iron deficiency anemia
Splenectomy
Obstructive liver disease

Question 5

Sickle cell

Answer 5

Homozygous hemoglobin S disease

Question 6

Hemoglobin C crystals

Answer 6

Homozygous hemoglobin C disease

Question 7

Hemoglobin SC crystals

Answer 7

Hemoglobin SC disease

Question 8

Stomatocyte

Answer 8

Hereditary stomatocytosis
Alcoholism
Liver disease
Rh null phenotype
Artifact

Question 9

Elliptocyte / Ovalocyte

Answer 9

1.Hereditary elliptocytosis or ovalocytosis
2.Thalassemia major
3.Iron deficiency anemia
4.Megaloblastic anemias (oval macrocyte)
5.Myelophthisic anemias

Question 10

Teardrop cell

Answer 10

1.Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia
2.Thalassemias
3.Myelophthisic anemias
4.Causes of extramedullary hematopoiesis

Question 11

Schistocyte

Answer 11

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Severe burns
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Renal graft rejection

Question 12

Rouleaux

Answer 12

Increased concentration of globulins and / or paraproteins

Question 13

Autoagglutination

Answer 13

Antigen / antibody reactions

Question 14

Normocyte

Answer 14

Normal shape with center of pallor or none

Question 15

Microcyte

Answer 15

Iron deficiency anemia
Sideroblastic anemia
Thalassemia minor
Chronic disease (occasionally)
Lead poisoning
Hemoglobinopathies (some)

Question 16

Macrocyte

Answer 16

Occurs b/c of impaired dna synthesis. (exclude babies)
There may be some asynchrony
1. Liver disease
2. Vitamin B12 deficiency
3. Folate deficiency
4. Neonates

Question 17

Dimorphic populations of RBCs

Answer 17

Transfusion
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Folate or Fe deficiencies; early in treatment process

Question 18

Hypochromia

Answer 18

Occurs b/c of issue with hemoglobin synthesis.
Iron deficiency anemia
Thalassemias
Sideroblastic anemia
Lead poisoning
Some cases of chronic infllamation

Question 19

Polychromasia

Answer 19

Acute and chronic hemorrhage
Hemolysis
Effective treatment for anemia
Neonates

Question 20

Another name for acanthocytes?

Answer 20

Spur cells

Question 21

Other names for burr cells

Answer 21

Echinocyte or crenated cells

Question 22

Another name for target cells

Answer 22

codocytes

Question 23

Another name for sickle cell

Answer 23

Drepanocyte

Question 24

Another name for teardrop cells

Answer 24

Dacryocytes

Question 25

Another name for schistocytes (not shitocytes)

Answer 25

Schizocyte

Question 26

Size of RBCs (normo, micro, or macrocytes) corresponds to what parameter?

Answer 26

Normo MCV 80 - 100 Micro MCV < 80 Macro MCV > 100

Question 27

What parameter suggests dimorphic populations of RBCs?

Answer 27

RDW greater than 14.5%

Question 28

What parameter suggests hypochromia?

Answer 28

MCHC <32 g/ dL or 32%

Question 29

What are the inclusions in cabot's rings?

Answer 29

Remnants of Mitotic spindles. May be seen in any patient that has deficiencies in folate, B12 or have macrocytes .

Question 30

Howell - jolly bodies have what inside them?

Answer 30

Nuclear aggregates. May be seen in patients that have gone through splenectomy. Be aware an artifact can make RBCs look like they are jolly bodies.

Question 31

What are inclusions of basophillic stippling?

Answer 31

Degenerated RNA.

Question 32

What are inclusions of pappenheimer bodies?

Question 33

What are the inclusions in Hgb bars or crystals?

Question 34

How are crenated forms of RBCs made?

Answer 34

Using too much blood to make blood smear slide. Too much blood makes the slide dry too slowly to turn RBCs into crenated RBCs.

Question 35

Naturally occurring crenated RBCs (burr cells) is associated with what?

Answer 35

PK deficiency Uremia

Question 36

How many elliptocytes or ovalocytes do there need to be for a patient to have hereditary elliptocytosis in percentages?

Answer 36

Greater than 30%

Question 37

What are the inclusions of heinz bodies made of?

Answer 37

Denatured Hgb.

Question 38

When are basophilic stippling found?

Answer 38

Found in states of impaired Hgb synthesis like sideroblastic anemias, uremia, cancer, megaloblastic anemias, repeated transfusions and post splenectomy

Question 39

Heinz bodies found in a patient suggest

Answer 39

G6PD deficiency

Question 40

Howell Jolly bodies suggest patient has

Answer 40

Severe hemolytic and megaloblastic anemia, splenectomy, anemias associated with leukemia

Question 41

Siderocytes / pappenhiemer bodies are associated with

Answer 41

Impaired Hgb synthesis (sideroblastic anemias), uremia, cancer, megaloblastic anemias, post - repeated transfusions, and post - splenectomy

Question 42

Cabot's Rings can be associated with?

Answer 42

Impaired DNA synthesis, megaloblastic anemias, or myelodysplastic syndromes