Reaching A Verdict Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the aim for Asch?
To conduct a lab experiment to see to which extent social pressure from a majority group can influence conformity even when the task is unambiguous
Participants for Asch?
123 male student participants taking part in a ‘vision test’
What are 5 main things about the method of Asch’s study of majority influence ?
Lab experiment
Naive participant in a room with 7 confederates who had all agreed to give the incorrect answer
Participant had to state the comparison line with the target line (a,b or c)
Participant gave answer last every time
12/18 trials in total answer was given wrong by confederates
results from Asch’s study of conformity to the majority?
1/3 (32%) went along and conformed with the majority when placed in this situation
74% confirmed at least once
Majority of 3 people can make someone conform
What are the two reasons people conform?
Normative conformity
When they say the incorrect answer like the majority even though they think it is wrong
Informational conformity
When they genuinely believed it was the right answer and they must be wrong
What are the buzzwords for Asch ? (5)
Majority influence Naive participant Target lines and comparison lines 123 participants 18 trials Unambiguous
3 buzzwords for Nemeth ?
Minority
Autonomous
Compensation decision
What is the aim for Nemeth ?
To investigate the influence of perceived autonomy and consistency on minority influence
Background for Nemeth ?
Minority’s can influence a whole group
Moscovici - powerful social movements (nazi Germany/suffragettes) had outspoken, strong minded minorities which caused huge social change
What method was Nemeth?
Mock jury - lab setting
How many conditions in Nemeth and what are they?
2 conditions
Confederate sat at head of the table and choose their place
Confederate seated just as other 4 participants
Participants for Nemeth ?
5 participants - 1 stooge
What is the buzzword for Pernod and cutler
Witness confidence
What is the background for Pernod and cutler ?
A confident witness is a powerful influence on the way a trial goes. Court appearances are nerve wrecking so most witnesses are shy and hesitant. If a witness is confident and speaks clearly about what they’re saying as if they are absolutely sure that they remember correctly, the jurors may think that what they are saying must be true.
A witness can be 100% sure and yet 100% wrong
What is the aim of Pernod and cutler ?
A mock jury to examine the sensitivity of eye witness testimony - examining several factors including confidence
What design was Penrod and Cutler ?
What were the IVs?
Independent measures all split into the 10 IVs - one was confidence
1 disguise
2 retention interval
3 witness confidence
What were the participants for Penrod and cutler ?
129 experienced and eligible jurors from Dame County - Wisconsin
What was the procedure for Penrod and Cutler?
Participants viewed a videotaped trial involving a witness having to identify an armed robber
Asked to decide if robber was guilty or not
Findings for Penrod and Cutler ? (2-3)
Witness confidence was the only statistically significant effect of the variables (confidence, retention interval and disguise) in the mock trial
For all the other IVs and not witness confidence, guilty verdicts were 63% - 64% of the time given
When the witness was 80% sure a guilty verdict was given 60% of the time
When the witness was 100% sure a guilty verdict was given 67% of the time
What is a conclusion for Penrod and Cutler?
Witness confidence is a power predictor of verdicts
