Reacting Molecules Energy Flashcards
(27 cards)
Cont
Calorie and joules are energy units. The Amontillado of energy or heat needed to increase the temperature.
Energy
Maintence of ph or osmotic pressure
Animals are chemtriphs
Breaking down molecules carabolism
Energy from molecules
Reach a lower energy in covalent bonds and more stable
Bond energy- energy required to break covalent bond.
Energy change required to break one mole
Cont
Exothermic generates heat
Endothermic energy is absorbed
Getting molecules to react
Energy and collide in the correct direction
Activation energy minimum amount of energy required
Reactin molecules raised to transition
Catalyst
Changes rate of rate of reaction without being consumed in the reaction
Transition state
Energy is smaller and there is less energy
Energy will be absorbed
Energy heat and work
Metabolism transforms energy to heat.
Thermodynamics relationship between different forms of energy
Thermodynamic laws
Total energy conserved
Cannot be created or destroyed
2) phenomenon the universe tend to max disorders
Increase entropy
Entropy
Measure if the disorder of a system
Enthalpy
Heat change
Constant pressure reaction
Term delta
Releases heat
Entropy
Positive Uses second law Powerful indicator Exchange energy Heat transfer
Gibbs free energy
Expansion Electrical Movement of flagellum Contraction of muscle Exergonic process - negative Enderginic process - positive
Cont
Energy consuming
Coupled
Anabolism depends on catabolism
Energy changes in biological reaction
Oxidation of hydrogen
Cell has to do work
Energy goes through heat and sound
Subcellular organelles mitochondria reaction free energy
Cont
Cellular respiration
Energy currency
Breakdown releases free energy
Free energy derived from catabolism
Cont
Simple heat lost
Break covalent bonds energy needed
Summing up
Bond dissociation energy needed when covalent bond is broken
Supplied to reacting molecules
Transition state
Free energy
Extracting energy Unfavourable reaction ATP the energy currency ATP is linked to sugar Phosphate has negative charge Enzyme catalysed hydrolysis of ATP
Cont
Spontaneous and high exergonoc is used with large negative free energy chand
Organisms couple the hydrolysis of ATP energy consuming
Metabolic pathways
Serial conversions
Unidirectional
Reversible
Net formation
Catabolic pathways
Free energy Extract Feasible Unidirectional Unflavourabke Highly exergonoc
Anabolic pathways
Anabolic pathways
Endergonic
Free energy
Forward synthesis
Cont
Metabolic pathways use two cellular - glycolysis
- gluconeogensis
