Reaction Pathways Flashcards by Alisa Kruger

Q

Alkene to alkane

A

H2 and Nickel Catalyst at 423K.

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Q

Alkene to haloalkanes

A

Add HX. (X being the halide)

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Q

Alkene to alcohols

A

H20(g) and H3PO4.

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Q

Alcohols to ketone

A

[O], K2Cr2O7, H2SO4.

Reflux.

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Q

Alcohols to carboxylic acid

A

2[O] and H2SO4 / K2Cr2O7

Reflux

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Q

Alcohols to aldehyde

A

[O] and H2SO4/ K2Cr2O7

Distil

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Q

Alkanes to alkene

A

Alkanes –> Haloalkanes –> Alcohols –> Alkene

Halogen + UV
NaOH + Reflux
Concentrated H2SO4 and reflux

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Q

Alkanes to haloalkanes

A

Halogen + UV.

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Q

Alcohols to haloalkanes

A

Na and H2SO4.

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Q

Alkene to primary alcohol

A

Hydration

H3PO4/H20.

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Q

Primary alcohol to alkene

A

H2SO4

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Q

Alkene to Haloalkane

A

HX

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Q

Haloalkane to nitrile

A

NaCN

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Q

Nitrile to amine

A

H2/Ni catalyst.

reduction

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Q

Nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

H20/ HCl hydrolysis

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Q

Haloalkane to amine

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A

NH3/ ethanol

Q

Haloalkane to primary alcohol

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A

NaOH

Q

Primary alcohol to haloalkane

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A

NaX / H2SO4

Q

Primary alcohol to aldehyde

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A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4

oxidation

Q

Aldehyde to primary alcohol

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A

NaBH4/ H20 reduction

Q

Aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

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A

NaCN /H+

nucleophilic addiiton

Q

Aldehyde to carboxylic acid

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A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4

oxidation

Q

Primary alcohol to ester

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A

Carboxylic acid/ H2SO4 esterification.

Q

Carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

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A

SOCl2

Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

H20

Ester to COO-Na+ and alcohol

NaOH alkaline hydrolysis

Ester to carboxylic acid

Dilute acid hydrolysis

carboxylic acid to ester

Esterification | Alcohol/ H2SO4

Acyl chloride to primary amide

NH3

Acyl chloride to secondary amide

Primary amine.

Benzene to nitrobenzene

HNO3 / H2SO4 | nitration

Benzene to methylbenzene

alkylation | CH3CL / AlCl3

Benzene to acylbenzene

CH3COCl / AlCl3

Benzene to chlorobenzene

Cl2 /AlCL3 | chlorination

Benzene to bromobenzene

Br2 / FeBr3 | bromination

Nitrobenzene to phenyl amine

Sn/ HCl | reduction

phenyl amine to tri bromo phenyl amine

Br2