reactions Flashcards
(22 cards)
alkane to halogenoalkane
r: I2, Br2, Cl2
c: uv light
t: substitution
alkene to alkane
r: H2
c: 150 degrees, Ni catalyst
t: addition (hydrogenation)
alkene to halogenoalkane
r: HI, HBR, HCL
c: rtp
t: addition
alkene to alcohol
r: H2O
c: 300 degrees, 65 atm, c.H3PO4 catalyst
t: addition (hydration)
alkene to diol
r: acidified KMnO4
c: rtp
t: oxidation
alkene to dihalogenoalkane
r: Br2, Cl2
c: rtp
t: addition
alkene to polymer
r: n/a
c: 60 degrees, few atm, titanium catalyst
t: polymerisation
alkene to hydroxy halide
r: Br2 (aq)
c: rtp
t: addition
halogenoalkane to alkene
r: c. KOH
c: ethanolic, heat
t: elimination
halogenoalkane to amine
r: c. NH3
c: ethanolic, heat in sealed tube
t: substitution
halogenoalkane to nitrile
r: KCN
c: ethanolic, heat under reflux
t: substitution
halogenoalkane to alcohol
r: H2O or KOH
c: warm, ethanolic
t: substitution
alcohol to iodoalkane
r: P4 (red), I2
c: rtp
t: substitution
alcohol to bromoalkane
r: KBr, c. H2SO4
c: heat under reflux
t: substitution
alcohol to chloroalkane
r: PCl5
c: rtp
t: substitution
alcohol to alkene
r: c. H3PO4
c: heat under reflux
t: elimination
alcohol to carboxylic acid
r: H2SO4, K2Cr2O7
c: heat under reflux
t: oxidation
PRIMARY ALCOHOLS ONLY
alcohol to aldehyde
r: H2SO4, K2Cr2O7
c: distillation
t: oxidation
PRIMARY ALCOHOLS ONLY
-keep oxidising turn to carboxylic acid
alcohol to ketone
r: H2SO4, K2Cr2O7
c: heat under reflux
t: oxidation
SECONDARY ALCOHOLS ONLY
oxidising primary alcohols
forms either aldehyde (distillation) or carboxylic acid (heat under reflux)
oxidising secondary alcohols
forms ketone (heat under reflux)
oxidising tertiary alcohols
tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidised
