Reactions

Question 1

Give three indicators

Answer 1

Litmus, Universal and betroot

Question 2

How does litmus indicator work

Answer 2

Red in acid, blue in alkaline

Question 3

How does universal indicator work

Answer 3

Gives the pH of a substance

Question 4

How does beetroot indicator work

Answer 4

Pink in acid and yellow in alkaline

Question 5

Give the word equation for rust

Answer 5

Water + oxygen –> hydrated iron oxide

Question 6

Give the word equation for the burning of rocket fuel

Answer 6

Fuel + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 7

What is the word equation for the test for carbon dioxide

Answer 7

Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid –> calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

Question 8

What is the test for carbon dioxide

Answer 8

Turns lime water milky

Question 9

What is the test for hydrogen

Answer 9

Burns with a squeaky pop

Question 10

Give the word equation for the test for hydrogen

Answer 10

Magnesium + hydrochloric acid –> magnesium chloride + hydrogen

Question 11

What is the pH scale?

Answer 11

The scale from 0-14 that defines how acidic or alkaline a substance is

Question 12

What could you use to separate iron filings and sand?

Answer 12

A magnet because iron is magnetic and sand is not

Question 13

Why is tin used to cost steel cans?

Answer 13

It acts as a barrier to stop water and air getting inside

Question 14

Give the colour and description of magnesium, Iron and copper

Answer 14

Bright white light
Orange sparks
Copper turns black

Question 15

What is the general word equation for a reaction between an acid and a metal?

Answer 15

Salt + hydrogen

Question 16

Why is copper better than iron when used for pipes?

Answer 16

Copper does not corrode or rust away when reacting with water

Question 17

What is the REDOX reaction?

Answer 17

When reduction and oxidation occur at the same time e.g rusting

Question 18

What is oxidation

Answer 18

When a substance gains oxygen

Question 19

If given a Mass Spectrometry diagram that reads that one line was mass 10 and relative abundance 20, and the other was mass 11 and relative abundance 80, what would be this element’s relative atomic mass?

Answer 19

100

100

= 10.8

Question 20

What is reduction

Answer 20

When a substance looses oxygen

Question 21

Benefits of HPLC?

Answer 21

Fast
Accurate
Uses only minute samples

Question 22

How can indigestion be cured

Answer 22

This can be neutralised by taking a remedy that contains a base e.g magnesium hydroxide that will raise the pH in the stomach

Question 23

What are bases?

Answer 23

bases are solid substances that change the colour of indicators (e.g., turn red litmus paper blue), react with acids to form salts and cause certain chemical reactions (base catalysis)blood

Question 24

When bases dissolve in water they are known as…

Answer 24

Alkalis

Question 26

What are the benefits of using Mass Spectrometry

Answer 26

Fast analysis | Results can be linked to database

Question 27

Drawbacks of HPLC?

Answer 27

Sample must be liquid Expensive Lack of sensitivity

Question 28

How is indigestion caused?

Answer 28

By having too much hydrochloric acid in your stomach, and this needs to be neutralised.

Question 29

Drawbacks of using Mass Spectrometry

Answer 29

Expensive equipment | Presence of isotopes leads to more than one peak

Question 30

Why is it important for samples to be separated are above the solvent level in a beaker?

Answer 30

If samples were below the solvent level the dyes would run into the water

Question 31

What is the second line called on a HPLC trace diagram?

Answer 31

Retention time