reactions and reagents chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

the addition of cyanide to aldehydes and ketones to form …

A

… cyanohydrin

NaCN - nucleophile
HCl - protonating the O-
H2O

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2
Q

the reduction of cyanohydrin to an…

A

…aldehyde or ketone

NaOH - OH nucleophile
CN - leaving group

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3
Q

what are the conditions of NaBH4

A

protic solvents - which contains O-H or N-H bonds so can provide H+ ions e.g.

H2O and alcohol

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4
Q

what are the conditions of LiAH4

A

aprotic - THF and ET2O

water can be added In the second work up step

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5
Q

which reducing agent can/can’t be used for reduction of esters

A

LiAlH4 can be used - strong reducing agent

NaBH4 cannot be used - not strong enough

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6
Q

the addition of organometallic reagents to aldehydes and ketones forms …

A

… alcohol

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7
Q

the addition of water/alcohol to aldehydes and ketones forms …

A

… alcohol

water is a weaker than alcohol nucleophile, but can still attack the electron deficient carbon

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