Reactions of aqueous ions Flashcards
(19 cards)
How do Iron (II), Iron (III) and Copper (II) react with NaOH dropwise and excess?
Dropwise: hydroxide ppts
Excess: No further change (rem aluminium dissolves tho)
How do Iron (II), Iron (III) and Aluminium (III) react with NH3dropwise and excess?
Dropwise: forms hydroxide ppts
Excess: no further change
What are the colours of the vanadium ions?
+5: yellow
+4: blue
+3: green
+2: violet
What are the observations for Aluminium (III) reacting with carbonate?
White ppt and effervescence
What are the observations for Iron (III) reacting with carbonate?
Brown ppt and effervescence
How do M3+ions react with carbonates? Write an equation for [M(H2O)6]3+
- Carbonates of oxidation state +3 do not exist
- Hence, acts as a base so hydroxides are formed with CO2and water
2[M(H2O)6]3+ + 3CO3^2- —> 2[M(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3H2O + 3CO2
What colour is CuCO3?
Blue green
What colour is FeCO3?
Green
How do M2+ions react with carbonates?
Insoluble carbonates form
[M(H2O)6]2+ + CO3^2- —> MCO3 + 6H2O
How does aluminium hydroxide react with xs OH-?
It is amphoteric
Forms a hydroxoanion
(i.e it dissolves)
[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] + 3OH- —> [Al(OH)6]3+ + 3H2O
From a white ppt to a colourless solution
What colour is Fe(OH)3?
Brown
What colour is Al(OH)3?
White
What colour is Cu(OH)2?
Blue
What colour is Fe(OH)2?
Green
Why are M3+ions stronger acids than M2+?
- Higher charge density (smaller with greater charge)
- More polarising
- H+ more easily lost so more acidic
Why can hexa-aqua ions act as acids?
Charge on cation attracts electrons
Bonds in the water ligand are weakened
H+ therefore can be removed
What is the colour of[Fe(H2O)6]3+?
Purple
What is the colour of[Al(H2O)6]2+?
Colourless
What is the colour of[Fe(H2O)6]2+?
Green
