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Reactions teori Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Synthesis of Purine nucleotides (de novo)

- kort forklart

A

Glucose –> Glucose-6-phosphate –> Ribose-5-phosphate

Ribose-5-phosphate –> 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) –> 5-phosphoribosyl-amine –> Inosine monophosphate (IMP): 2 pathways

  • -> Adenylosuccinate -> Adenosine diphosphate (ADP): 2 pathways -> Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
  • -> Xanthosine monophosphate -> Guanosine monophosphate (GMP) -> Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) -> Guanosine Triphosphate (GTP)
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2
Q

Degradation of purine nucleotides, AMP

- kort fortalt

A

AMP –> Adenosine, 2pathways:
–> Inosine -> hypoxanthine
–> Adenine -> hypoxanthine
Hypoxanthine –> Xanthine –> Uric Acid –> Allantoine

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3
Q

Degradation of purine nucleotides, GMP

- kort fortalt

A

GMP –> Guanosine –> Guanine –> Xanthine –> Uric Acid –> Allantoine

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4
Q

Synthesis of Pyrimidine nucleotides (de novo)

- kort fortalt

A

HCO3 –> Carbamoyl-P –> N-carbomylaspartate –> Dihydroorotate –> Orotate –> Orotidylate –> Uridine monophosphate (UMP) –> UDP –> UTP –> Cytidinetriphosphate (CTP)

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5
Q

Degradation of Pyrimidine nucleotides

- kort fortalt

A

CMP –> UMP –> Uridine –> Uracil –> Dihydro-uracil –> Ureido-proprionate –> Beta-alanine, 2 pathways:

  • > Aceetate
  • > HS-CoA
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6
Q

Enzyme needed in resynthesis of nucleotides (salvalge pathway) in

1) Each nucleotide
2) Purine nucleotides
a) eukaryotes
b) prokaryotes

A

1: Nucleoside kinase
2: Adenine-phosphoribosyltransferase
a) Hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT)
b) Xanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase (XGPRT)

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7
Q

Synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides

- kort fortalt

A

ADP, GDP, CDP, UDP –> dADP, dGDP, dCDP, dUDP –> dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dUTP –> dUMP –> dTMP –> dTDP –> dTTP

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8
Q

Nucleotide =

A

base + pentose + phosphate

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9
Q

Nucleoside =

A

base + pentose

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10
Q

Pentose =

A

ribose or (2-)deoxy-ribose

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11
Q

Types of Purine bases:

A

Adenine, guanine

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12
Q

Types of Pyrimidine bases:

A

Cytosine, thymine, uracil

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13
Q

Uracil, Thymine and Cytosine bounds to?

A

Uracil: only ribose
Thymine: only deoxyribose
Cytosine: ribose or deoxyribose

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14
Q

Enzyme needed in glucose –> glucose 6-phosphate?

A

Hexokinase

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15
Q

Enzyme needed in ribose 5-phosphate –>5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP)

A

PRPP synthetase

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16
Q

Enzyme needed in 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) –> 5-phosphoribosyl-amine

A

PRPP amidotransferase

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17
Q

Enzyme needed in Inosine monophosphate (IMP) –> Xanthosine monophosphate

A

IMP dehydrogenase

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18
Q

Enzyme needed in Inosine monophosphate (IMP) –> Adenylosuccinate

A

Adenylosuccinate synthetase

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19
Q

Enzyme needed in Xanthosine monophosphate –> Guanosine monophosphate (GMP)

A

GMP synthetase

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20
Q

Enzyme needed in Adenylosuccinate –> Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)

A

adenylosucinate lyase

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21
Q

Enzyme needed in Guanosine monophosphate (GMP) –> Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) –> guanosine triphosphate (GTP)

Study These Flashcards
A

1: Nucleotide kinase
2: Nucleoside diphosphate kinase

22
Q

Enzyme needed in adenosine monophosphate (AMP) –> Adenosinde duphosphate (ADP)

Study These Flashcards
A

Nucleotide kinase

23
Q

reaction needed in Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) –> Adenoisne triphosphate (ATP)

Study These Flashcards
A

1: Substrate level phosphorylation
2: Oxidative phosphorylation

24
Q

Enzyme needed in AMP –> Adenosine

25
Enzyme needed in Adenosine --> inosine
Adenosine deaminase
26
Enzyme needed in Inosine --> hypoxanthine
Nucleoside phosphorylase
27
Enzyme needed in Adenosine --> Adenine
Nucleoside phosphorylase
28
Enzyme needed in Adenine --> Hypoxanthine
Adenine deaminase
29
Enzyme needed in Hypoxanthine --> Xanthine
Xanthine oxidase
30
Enzyme needed in Xanthine --> Uric acid
Xanthine oxidase
31
Enzyme needed in Uric acid --> allantoine
Uricase
32
Enzyme needed in GMP --> guanosine
Nucleotidase
33
Enzyme needed in Guanosine --> Guanine
Nucleoside phosphorylase
34
Enzyme needed in Guanine --> Xanthine
Guanine desaminase
35
Enzyme needed in HCO3- --> Carbamoyl-P
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II.
36
Enzyme needed in Carbamoyl-P --> N-carbamoyl aspartate
Aspartate transcarbamoylase
37
Enzyme needed in N-carbamoyl aspartate --> Dihydroorotate
dihydroorotase
38
Enzyme needed in Dihydroorotate --> Orotate
dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
39
Enzyme needed in orotate --> orotidylate
orotidylate decarboxylase
40
Enzyme needed in orotidylate --> Uridine monophosphate (UMP)
Orotidylate decarboxylase
41
Enzyme needed in Uridine monophosphate --> UDP
UMP kinase
42
Enzyme needed in UDP --> UTP --> CTP
1: nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2: CTP synthetase
43
Enzyme needed in CMP --> UMP
CMP-deaminase
44
Enzyme needed in UMP --> uridine
Nukleotidase
45
Enzyme needed in Uridine --> Uracil
Nucleoside phosphorylase
46
Enzyme needed in Uracil --> dihydro-uracil
Pyrimidine dehydrogenase
47
Enzyme needed in dihydro-uracil --> Ureido-propionate
dihydropyrimidinase
48
Enzyme needed in Ureido-prpionate --> Beta-alanine
ureido-propionase
49
Enzyme needed in ADP, GDP, CDP, UDP --> dADP, dGDP, dCDP, dUDP
Ribonucleooside-diphosphate-reductase
50
Enzyme needed in dADP, dGDP, dCDP, dUDP --> dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dUTP
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase
51
Enzyme needed in dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dUTP --> dUMP
dUTPase / dUTP-phosphatase
52
Enzyme needed in dUMP --> dTMP
Thymidilate synthase (and Cobalamin)

Biochem (14 decks)

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