Reactions with alkenes Flashcards
(11 cards)
Alkenes react with hot concentrated acidified KmNO4 to produce?
A diol is formed, which is oxidized to a ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, or carbon dioxide, depending on the alkene
Alkenes react with cold acidified KmNO4 to produce
A diol is formed, and the colour of the solution changes from purple to colourless
What are some reactions alkenes undergoes
Hydrogenation
Halogenation
Hydration
Electrophilic addition
What is the oxidizing ability of potassium permanganate dependent on when reacting with alkenes?
It is dependent on the concentration, and the temperature used and the products formed is dependent on the conditions chosen.
What is an electrophile
An electrophile is a positively charged species that attacks an electron rich area in a molecule.
What is heterolytic fission?
This is when two shared electrons in a bond split unequally. 1 atom keeps both pairs of electron and become negatively charged
What is a carbocation
This an alkyl group carrying a single positive charge on one of its C atoms, they are intermediates formed in organic reactions
What does the halogenation of alkenes involve
It involves the adding of an electrophile, electrophilic addition
How are alkenes reacting with hydrogen halide similar to them reacting with halogens?
It is so in the reaction mechanism that hydrogen halide is also an electrophile that will attack the electron rich double bond, splits heterolytically, and it will produce a haloalkane.
What is the difference in a minor and major product
In a major product the more electronegative atom will be added to the carbon bonded to the least amount of hydrogen the minor would do otherwise
What does the hydrogenation of alkene involve
Thus involves the addition of 2 H atoms across the double bond forming a alkane molecule and a catalyst such as nickel and a temperature of 150° is used.
