Reading Flashcards

(379 cards)

1
Q

deliberately

A

به عمد، عمدا

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2
Q

Deprive

A

محروم کردن

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3
Q

Legitimate (adj)

A

مشروع

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4
Q

Imply (verb)

A

دلالت کردن

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5
Q

Suppressing (verb)

A

سرکوب کردن

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6
Q

Cardiovascular (adj)

A

قلبی عروقی

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7
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

نارسایی احتقانی قلبی

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8
Q

Parasite

A

انگل

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9
Q

intact

A

دست نخورده

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10
Q

substantial

A

قابل توجه

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11
Q

inside

A

containing

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12
Q

shaded

A

shady

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13
Q

moist

A

damp

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14
Q

not classed as a parasite

A

never parasitic

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15
Q

seen as

A

considered

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16
Q

special qualities

A

sense of calm, age and stillness

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17
Q

to dress wounds

A

as dressings on soldiers’ wounds

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18
Q

more intricate

A

more complex

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19
Q

made out of wood

A

constructed out of logs

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20
Q

majority of cities

A

most cities

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21
Q

poor sanitation

A

sewerage … so inadequate

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22
Q

the industrial era

A

during the industrial revolution

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23
Q

posed a health risk

A

source for the outbreak of disease

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23
Q

ancient

A

باستانی

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24
Preservation
حفظ
25
Drastically
به شدت
26
A technique to preserve wines
heat wine to kill microbes
27
example of food
cheese, yoghurt... common examples
28
appeal
seen as desirable
29
how they are preserved
methods...the food being preserved
30
spoiled food continues to cause
Foods are susceptible to spoiling
31
illness
food poisoning is still common
32
preserved food eaten by soldiers
salt pork ... to feed Roman armies
33
example of different preservation techniques working together
preserving jam, for example involves boiling ... sugaring ... sealing
34
Post-war
after the war
35
The allure
the attraction
36
source countries
countries that people are leaving
37
host countries
countries where migrants are going
38
oppression
in justice ( ظلم )
39
remittance
money sent as payment or as a gift حواله
40
initiative
schemes ( ابتکار عمل )
41
established
implemented ( تاسیس شدن و پیاده سازی )
42
some countries
some governments
43
to refer to
to describe
44
skilled Europeans
Scientists ... and technologist
45
to refer
to describe
46
to curb negative effects of brain drain
to retain or reduce skilled workers
47
genes play a role
50% genetically determined
48
taking a long-term view
work out a long term policy
49
being unhappy can affect a chemical
cortisol level 48% higher
50
people compliment us
praise for others
51
can not be achieve with out action
requires activity or action
52
negative experiences sometimes valuable
some pain are worthwhile
53
lead to future happiness
lead to greater pleasures
54
group of theories about of humor
types of theories ...
55
good for us
very healthy
56
what function did comedy have?
comedy has been used as
57
royal courts
courts of the western kings
58
assess subjects
examine a person's
59
unwilling to express their thoughts
reluctant to describe their thinking
60
based on the belief that
the assumption is that
61
according to their own specific perceptions of life
based on person-specific needs, motivate and conflicts
62
original aim was not
never intended
63
simultaneous (adj)
همزمان
64
incomplete part
oversimplified
65
significance
اهمیت
66
Researchers with differing attitude
Sceptics and advocated
67
agree on
concur on
69
constitute compelling evidence
شواهد قانع کننده را تشکیل می دهند
70
Brink of collapse
آستانه فروپاشی
71
suitable environment
Tranquillity in a relaxing 'whole-field' of light, sound and warmth
72
faint
ضعیف
73
swamped
تحت تاثیر قرار گرفتن
74
genuine
اصیل
75
transform
alter drastically
76
stems from
ناشی شدن از چیزی سرچشمه گرفتن از چیزی
77
Esoteric ideas
ایده های اسرارآمیز
78
Quantum entanglement
درهم تنیدگی کوانتومی
79
Demonstrated entanglement
درهم تنیدگی اثبات شده
80
Prompted
indicate that something has led some researchers
81
Probing
to examine or explore
82
hit rate
success rate
83
creative and artistic people or musicians
careful selection of subjects
84
stayed perfectly unblemished
remained unblemished
85
thikness
ضخامت
86
flaws
faults
87
advantage
be effective
88
varying
virtually any
89
method
process
90
detecting
locating
91
study
a narrative history
92
enough food
self-sufficient
93
food
grain and livestock
94
human
land-hungry farmers and others
95
documentation
written account
96
limited
incomplete
96
consistent freezing
deep freez
97
very
intensely
98
cutting down
fell before the newcomers' axes
99
discovered
explored
100
distinguish
recognize, defining, متمایز کردن
101
relationship
associated with, bondings
102
feelings
emotional responses
103
not appreciated
undervalued
104
difficulties of talking about
struggling to express
105
smells (noun)
olfactory (adj), odours
106
groups
other cultures
107
aware of
realize
108
importance (noun)
essential (adj)
109
damaged
impaired
110
experiment
test
111
without realizing it
even when not consciously considered
112
linguistic groups
languages
113
lack
not exist
114
don't smell
odourless
115
unpleasent
offensive
115
not unpleasent
acceptable
116
regarded as
considered
117
Buildings
Property
118
Each year
every year
119
Receive fund from
Support from , backed by
120
Receive Financial Support
Funded By
121
Difficulty
stumbling Block
122
Removing
Extract
123
Create
Generate
124
Control
Guide
125
As a protection for the lasers
To stop the laser itself being struct
126
Never appreciate
unrecognized , unrewarded
126
Geniuses
Prodigies
127
Difficulties
Adversity
128
Failed to take into account
They are not norm-referenced
129
The same as
Similar to
130
Lessen
Minimize
131
Inevitable
اجتناب ناپذیر
132
Mutation
تطبیق دادن
133
Evolution
تکامل
134
Differences
Not in the same way
135
Improvement
Development
136
stable
Remain
137
Prolonging
Extend
138
In accordance with
According to
139
Principles
Laws
140
Environment
Environmental Conditions
141
Biological system
Leaving organism
142
Conserving Energy
Sparing use of energy reserves
143
Pupils
Student
144
Attainment
دستیابی
145
Elaboration
شرح و بسط
146
middle years-education
lower secondary school
147
format
pattern
148
less successful students
strugglers
149
key
major contributing factors
150
wider
greater
151
achivement
attainment
152
state-run lower secondary schools
state schools
153
well-organized
well set out
154
patiently
slowly
155
carfeully
with a lot of repetition and elaboration
156
supplementary
extra
157
effort
hard work
158
correct answer
accuracy
159
Lethal
کشنده
160
Resistance
مقاومت
161
Crop yield
عملکرد محصول
162
Not to be left behind
Don't forget
163
Innate
ذاتی
164
Offspring
فرزندان
165
Synthetic chemical
ترکیبات شیمیایی
166
Entail
require , need , necessitate
167
Escalating perils
تشدید خطرات
168
Plague
blight طاعون
169
Around the world
wide spread
169
Imbalance
disorder بی نظمی
170
No longer responding to
have developed resistance to
171
Pesticide
potent chemical
172
Began to use
took to
173
Free from danger
safe
174
Ate
was devouring بلعیدن
175
Blight
plagued - infest
176
Wiping out
eradication ریشه کن کردن
177
Bait
طعمه
178
Oval
بیضی شکل
179
husk
پوسته
180
to surround
to encase
181
Aril
پوسته دانه جوز هندی
182
mace
پوسته جوز هندی
183
nutmeg
جوز هندی
184
lacy red
توری قرمز
185
crismon
زرشکی‍
186
former
اولی
187
latter
دومی
188
cuisine
آشپزی
189
trading company
commercial operation
190
uprooting
ریشه کن کردن
191
lime
آهک
192
fertile
بارور
193
plague
طاعون
194
cultivate
کشت کردن grown
195
wipe out
destroy
196
best suits
appropriate
197
each trip
particular journey
198
robust
قوی
199
overcome
conquer
200
road collisions
motor accidents تصلدفات جاده ای
201
schemes
initiative ابتکارات عمل
202
viable
workable قابل دوام
203
drop
reduce
204
travel independently
travel autonomy
205
infrastructure
زیر ساخت
206
intrinsic
ذاتی
207
daunting
دلهره آور
208
depleted forests
جنگل فرسوده
209
nomadic
عشایری
210
peculiar
odd, strange عجیب و غریب
211
assumption
فرض
212
enquiring
پرس و جو کردن
213
fictional
تخیلی
214
delving
عمیق شدن
215
laboriously
به زحمت
216
scarcely
به ندرت
217
endeavor
effort
218
219
prominent
برجسته
220
declare
اعلام کردن
221
bias
تعصب
222
tribes
قبیله
223
continental voyages
سفرهای قاره ای
224
Appealing
Charming جذاب
225
choreographers
طراحان رقص
226
Medieval
Past
227
Intimate knowledge
Very deep
228
Detach
Separate
229
Barriers
موانع
230
An obstacle is something that impedes progress but can usually be overcome with some effort, while a barrier is something that completely blocks progress, making it difficult or impossible to overcome.
231
Objective
aim
232
Ignore
Fail to take into account
233
Unforeseen
Un expected
234
Be reverse
Be remove
235
Have an impact
Affect
236
Movement
Flow
237
Habitat
Ecosystem
238
Pinpoint
Identify
239
Enable فعال کردن
Make it possible
240
Insulation
عایق
241
emissions
انتشار - نشر
242
Scavengers
لاشخورها
243
Stagnant
راکد
244
Stimulating
تحریک کننده energising
245
close-knite
bound together by strong relationships and common interests.
246
acquaintance
آشنایی
247
close bond
پیوند نزدیک
248
deceased
متوفی
249
spouse
همسر
250
possessions
دارایی ها
251
estate
املاک
252
distinguish
متمایز کردن
253
amend
اصلاح کردن
254
anti discrimination
ضد تبعیض
255
buggies and prams
کالسکه ها
256
cornerstone
سنگ بنا
257
criticism
انتقاد
258
predictor
پیش بینی کننده
259
Comply with sth
Agree to or Obey sth
260
Scholarship
بورسیه تحصیلی
261
Become aware
Discover
262
Merits
شایستگی ها
263
Urge
اصرار کردن
264
Resignition
استعفا
265
Shortage
کمبود
266
Sketches
طرح ها - some drawing
267
Desalination
نمک زدایی
268
Sustain
حفظ
269
Scarcity
کمبود
270
Venture
سرمایه گذار
271
Inferred
استنباط کردن
272
Glazing
لعاب دادن
273
Distilled
تقطیر شده
274
Plot
طرح
275
Variation
Alter
276
Trivial
Un important
277
Grosum
ترسناک
278
They won't stick unless they matter
It emphasizes that something, like a habit, a belief, or a lesson, needs to have significance or relevance to be truly remembered or ingrained.
279
Moral
Ethical
280
Cubs
توله ها
281
primates
نخستی ها
282
perceived
ادراک شده
283
to dislodge
از جا کندن to knock down
284
barrels
بشکه ها
285
manipulation
دستکاری
286
conscious
آگاهانه
287
hit out
حمله می کند
288
out of frustration
از روی نا امیدی
289
monument
بنای یادبود
290
burial
دفن کردن
291
reign
سلطنت
292
dried clay brick
آجر سفالی خشک شده
293
deceased
مرحوم
294
conceived
تصور شده
295
stone slab
تخته سنگ
296
was dug beneath
زیرش حفر شده بود
297
discourage
سست کردن، دلسرد کردن
298
vessels
رگ ها
299
excavated
حفاری شده
300
archetype
طرح یا الگوی اصلی
300
priests
کشیشان
301
trench
سنگر
302
extent
وسعت
303
redundant
زائد
304
reliance
اتکا
305
intuition
شهود
306
fallacy
مغالطه
307
outperform
پیشی گرفتن
308
astounding
حیرت انگیز
309
subsistence
امرار معاش
310
trajectory
مسیر حرکت
311
hothouse
گلخانه
312
vogue
مد روز
313
vague
مبهم
314
non-edible
غیر خوراکی
315
ploughs
گاو آهن ها
316
Cut
reduce
317
consumption
use
318
artificial
مصنوعی
319
turning verdant
سرسبز شدن
320
despoiled
غارت شده
321
semi-arid
with little water
322
severe monsoons
بادهای موسمی شدید
323
toll
عوارض
324
fertilisers
کود ها
325
pesticides
آفت کش ها
326
herbicides
علف کش ها
327
acquired
اکتسابی
328
put together
assembled
329
bolted
پیچ و مهره شده
330
welded
جوش کاری شده
331
seal off from water
از آب جدا کردن
332
clamp
گیره
333
taken out
removed
334
axle
محور
335
array of something
مجموعه ای از چیزی
336
cogs
چرخ دنده ها
337
upright
قائم
338
aqueduct
قنات
339
beneath
در زیر / زیر
340
earlier
historic
341
overladen
carrying, holding, or containing too much of something
342
crew
a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, aircraft, etc.
343
vessel
a large boat or a ship
344
undisputed
If something is undisputed, everyone agrees about it بلامنازع
345
seabed
the solid surface of the earth that lies under the ocean بستر اقیانوس کف دریا
346
intact
undamaged
347
starboard side
right side
348
port side
left side
349
the hull
body of ship
350
currents
جریان ها
351
wreck (noun)
- a vehicle or ship that has been destroyed or badly damaged - someone who is in bad physical or mental condition
352
treasure trove
a large amount of money or a large number of valuable objects found hidden somewhere and seeming to belong to no one گنجینه
353
in conjunction with something
در پیوند با چیزی
354
timber
a long piece of wood used for building, especially houses and ships
355
protrude
to stick out from or through something بیرون زدن
356
lifting cradle
گهواره بلند کردن
357
cushion
a bag made of cloth, plastic, or leather that is filled with soft material, often has an attractive cover, and is used especially on chairs for sitting or leaning on کوسن خودمون
358
archaeological
باستان شناسی
359
delicate
ظریف
360
carved
تراشیدن
361
ethnographer
a person who studies and describes the culture of a particular society or group قوم نگار
362
extraterrestrial
a creature from outside the planet Earth
363
scrawny
unpleasantly thin, often with bones showing
364
pollen
a powder, produced by the male part of a flower, that causes the female part of the same type of flower to produce seeds. It is carried by insects or the wind. گرده گل
365
lush
A lush area has a lot of green, healthy plants, grass, and trees
366
lush palms
نخل های سرسبز
367
canoe
a small, light, narrow boat, pointed at both ends and moved using a paddle (= a short pole with a flat blade)
368
cannibalism
the practice of a person who eats human flesh, or the behaviour of an animal that eats others of its own type آدم خواری
369
sediment
a soft substance that is like a wet powder and consists of very small pieces of a solid material that have fallen to the bottom of a liquid رسوب
370
scarce
not easy to find or get کمیاب
371
accelerated
faster than usual شتاب گرفته
372
rival
a person, group, etc. competing with others for the same thing or in the same area
373
chieftain
the leader of a tribe کدخدا
374