REALISM Flashcards
(16 cards)
is the 19th century movement that developed in
France with the main objective to represent reality
through the depiction of real-life events and subjects in a
naturalistic manner.
Realism
The term “Realism” was coined by
the French painter
Gustave Courbet
Courbet decided to display his
paintings privately in his Pavillon du Realism and to
accompany its exhibition with a manifesto entitled
“Le
Réalisme”.
Key characteristics
Functionality
Natural Materials
Simplicity
Truth to Materials
A French painter who led the Realism movement in 19th-century
French painting. Committed to painting only what he could see,
he rejected academic convention and the Romanticism of the
previous generation of visual artists. His independence set an
example that was important to later artists, such as the
Impressionists and the Cubists.
GUSTAVE COURBET
A French artist and one of the founders of the
Barbizon school in rural France. He is noted
for his paintings of peasant farmers and can be
categorized as part of the Realism art
movement. Toward the end of his career, he
became increasingly interested in painting
pure landscapes. He is known best for his oil
paintings but is also noted for his pastels, Conté crayon drawings, and etchings
Jean-François Millet
was a prolific
English Gothic Revival architect, chiefly
associated with the design, building and
renovation of churches and cathedrals,
although he started his career as a leading
designer of workhouses. Over 800
buildings were designed or altered by him
GEORGE GILBERT SCOTT
An English architect, designer, artist and critic with French and Swiss origins. He is
principally remembered for his pioneering
role in the Gothic Revival style of architecture.
AUGUSTUS
PUGIN
A British Gothic Revival architect
and associated with the Oxford
Movement (or Tractarian
Movement). He is noted for his use
of polychromy. Noted for his simple
yet bold designs, emphasizing
honesty in materials and functional
designs.
WILLIAM BUTTERFIELD
Michael Thonet known for the invention of Bentwood furniture. A masterpiece of design simplicity. One of the most distinguishing traits of Thonet’s bentwood chairs is their sheer simplicity. Stripped of unnecessary ornamentation, these chairs showcased the beauty of clean lines and smooth curves, resulting in an understated elegance that resonated with a wide audience.
Thonet
Bentwood Chair
Mission style cabinets are defined by straight
lines, quality construction, and little
ornamentation. Mission-style cabinets are
typically made from heavy woods like oak,
cherry, maple, or hickory and are often left in
their natural state.
Mission Media Cabinet
emerging in the
late 18th century and popular
throughout the 19th century, is a
prime example of furniture
reflecting realism through
simplicity and function. Shakers
believed in honest labor and
practical living, which translated
into furniture with clean lines,
durable materials (like wood), and
a focus on utility. Think ladder-
back chairs, simple wooden tables,
and storage pieces designed for
efficiency.
SHAKER FURNITURE
designed by Victor Laloux, was
inaugurated in 1900 to serve as the main terminus of the
Paris-Orsay line. Its opulent façade, featuring soaring
arches, a glass dome, and a grand staircase, quickly became
an iconic landmark of Parisian architecture
GARE D’ORSAY
is the most famous and iconic cathedral
in London. St Paul’s Cathedral was constructed using
Portland stone, a durable and elegant light grey limestone
from Dorset, which formed the cathedral’s exterior. Inside,
intricate marble floors, colorful stone mosaics, and ornate
ironwork
St. Paul’s Cathedral
is the meeting place of the
Parliament of the United Kingdom and is located in London,
England. It is commonly called the Houses of Parliament
after the House of Commons and the House of Lords, the two
legislative chambers which occupy the building.
The Palace of Westminster
has retained a reputation of having one of the
most recognisable facades of all the London termini, and
known as the “cathedral of the railways”. In Britain’s 100
Best Railway Stations by Simon Jenkins, the station was one
of only ten to be awarded five stars.
St. Pancras Railway Station
