Realistic medicine

Question 1

define risk

Answer 1

The chance that something will happen

Question 2

What is absolute risk reduction?

Answer 2

The reduction in your own risk if you do something protective e.g take a medication or undergo a lifestyle measure.
(e.g if James took a Statin and his risk of a stroke reduced from 20% to 18% his absolute risk reduction would be 2%)

Question 3

What is relative risk reduction?

Answer 3

How much something can do compared to your risk if you didn’t do it

(e.g if James took a statin and it reduced his risk from 40% of a stroke to 20%; his relative risk reduction would be 50%. His absolute risk reduction would be 20%)

Question 4

What are the 5 “Right” questions FOR A PATIENT TO ASK A DOCTOR?

Answer 4

Is this really needed?
Potential risks and benefits?
Are there any side effects?
Simpler/safer/alt. treatment options?
What would hppen if I did nothing

Question 5

What is meant by Multimorbidity?

Answer 5

The co-existence of two or more long-term conditions in an individual

Question 6

ANtcipatory health care plan - personal issues included

Answer 6

Statement of wishes regarding treatment/advance directive

· Next of kin

· Consent to pass on information to relevant others

· Preferences and priorities regarding treatment

· Who else to consult/inform

· Preferred place of death

· Religious and cultural beliefs re death

· Wishes re donation of body to medical science if relevant

· Current level of support e.g. family/carers

· Note of access to house if necessary e.g. keypad code

Question 7

Medical issues to consider in anticipatory health care plan

Answer 7

Potential (clinical) problems including indication of severity e.g. distance can walk if short of breath, whether normally confused, mobility level

· Home care package

· Wishes re DNA CPR

· Palliative Care Guidelines should be included in anticipatory care planning

· Note of other health care professionals involved and their role in the patient’s care

· Communication that has occurred with other professionals

· Details of “just-in-case” medicines

· Electronic care summary

· Assessment of capacity/competence

· Current aids and appliances (helps assess current functional level)

Question 8

WHO 3 categories of disability

Answer 8

Body structure and function impairment
Activity limitation
Participation restrictions