Rebellions Flashcards

Question

Warbeck Rebellion (1497) Outcome of a leader (1)

Answer 1

- Warbeck = Jailed initially because he was a foreigner however he tried to escape so Henry charged him with trying to escape and was hung on the 23rd of November 1499

Answer 2

- Showed support for the crown | - strengthened relations with Ireland through James's marriage with Henry's daughter

Answer 3

- henry needed money to finance war with France (£800,000). A new tax was needed to raise this. Wolsey therefore brought in Amicable grant which was a 'parliamentary' tax - People disliked the grant (mainly in East Anglia), 4 may 1525 = 10,000 men rose un support of Duke of Suffolk + Norfolk in Suffolk - All made worse by large unemployment in affected areas, inflation as rising fast - 12% fall in peasants real income, and since 1500 prices had gone up 60%

Answer 4

- Cardinla Wolsey | - Duke of Norfolk

Answer 5

- Area = South because they were prospering and tax was taken from more wealthy people

Answer 6

- Widespread resentment - in at least 5 counties (Essex, Kent Warwickshire, Norfolk and Suffolk), as well as classes uniting (clergy and laity as well as nobility who resented being made to collect tax which was a very unpopular job) - Protestors avoided violence and made it clear they were still loyal to the crown and were only protesting against the tax - Protestors were ready to march to London and there was unrest and support for the protestors in London, which maid Henry question their loyalty (rebel force of 4000 outnumbered the available to Duke of Suffolk). because the protests had gone on for some time, Henry's councillors warned Henry of the consequences if he didn't back down

Answer 7

- Widespread protests and support in 5 counties, as well as classes uniting - Support from the commons in London and even though stating that they were loyal to the crown, the protestors were ready to march on London, this made Henry's safety uncertain and he was convinced to down

Answer 8

- Wolsey - Henry put the blame on Wolsey, and Wolsey is made to step down (1529)

Answer 9

- Protestors told Henry they were still loyal to the crown - The tax was first scaled back and then abandoned however the amicable grant did not deter the government from further taxation, by the 1540's taxation was at the heigh it had been for two centuries

Answer 10

- Cromwell's policies to change power balance in Ireland (control of royal patronage and uniformity of practise) threatened Fitzgerlads (most powerful family in Ireland) - 1534 = Earls of Kildare replaced by rival (Lord Skeffington) this was taken as a direct attack on Kildare, however Cromwell had just intended to ensure no, one Irish lord became too powerful - Kildare resigned from the privy council and denounced Tudor rule. This was seen as hostile in light of the dangerous atmosphere in the 1530's with reformation in full-swing, therefore Kildare was sent to the tower of London

Answer 11

- Silken Thomas - Kildare's son | - Cromwell

Answer 12

- Palke (English controlled area of Dublin) - invaded by Thomas

Answer 13

- Thomas proclaimed a Catholic crusade, inspired by the fear of a reformation sweeping across Ireland, Thomas; demanded the Irish take an oath of loyalty to him and the pope and not Henry; required transfer of allegiance from Tudor to Kildare - Thomas refused summons to London, he raised 1,000 men and invaded Palke, he then shipped weapons and gunpowder out of Dublin castle to lay siege to Dublin, this caused a royal response of 2,300 men (largest force sent to Ireland in 150 years), most nobles surrendered as royal army swept through Ireland - Thomas was promised his life would be spared if he surrendered, he did so and was arrested, sent to London and executed along with 5 uncles and 70 ringleaders. this = Pardon of Maynooth

Answer 14

- Silken Thomas is executed along with 5 of his uncles and 70 ringleaders

Answer 15

- Thomas allowed himself to be besieged at Maynooth, this meant that the English forces could concentrate all their force on one point - Thomas lost the support of the clergy after he ordered the execution of the Archbishop of Dublin who had tried to mediate. This meant that he received no foreign support from the Pope / Spain

Answer 16

- Government achieved their initial policy of reducing the power of the Irish families, through more executions than any other Tudor rebellion, and costing the Government £75,000 - Posed no real threat as it was along way from London therefore no real dynastic threat - Introduced legal mechanism of 'surrender and regnant' which meant that any noble who accepted and proclaimed Henry to be king in Ireland was allowed

Answer 17

- Dissolution of the monasteries which provided the need for a charitable social safety net (coincided with visits of kings commissioners especially in Loath, Lincolnshire which was met with resentment) - Fear of a new tax in a time of peace, not war, prompted buy passage from Cromwell's subsidy act authorising the collection of £80,000 - Actions of Lincolnshire rising

Answer 18

- robert Aske | - Duke of Norfolk

Answer 19

Louth, Lincolnshire

Answer 20

- October 1536 = Lincolnshire uprising = 4 commissioners enforcing the act of 10 articles and collecting subsidy, were seized. The rebellion spread organically from Parish to Parish, after a week the gentry assumed control and were seen as the 'natural leaders of society'. This lead to the first set of demands (October 1530) = Louth manifesto - 13 October = Robert Aske headed 9,000 rebels and marched on York, who opened it's gates to 20,000 men by 23rd October the rebellion was 30,000-40,000 men in the north. The Duke of Norfolk met Aske at Doncaster to settle terms with him, (Henry did not want to do this however it was too dangerous not to do that), therefore a general pardon was issued to all rebels and convened with he 24 articles of Pontefract Manifesto - January 1537 = Bigod's rebellion, Bigod believed the 24 articles was a ruse so that the rebels could be punished so started another rebellion, Henry used it as an excuse to crush the rebels. Former leaders were tried and executed, people hung in their own gardens as a threat as well as Aske being executed

Answer 21

- Aske = convicted of treason and hung

Answer 22

- Rebels failed to take advantage of their numbers | - Failed to march South

Answer 23

- Henry paid more attention to the north - he was very careful to avoid repetition - 24 articles of Pontefract

Answer 24

- Rebellion remained entirely northern | - In the end rebel leaders as well as 50 Lincolnshire rebels and 130 northern rebels were executed

Answer 25

- Religious = introduction of the new prayer book by Edward IV (bans on festivals and pilgrims); religious reforms (June 1549) - act of uniformity; gentry gained financially from the dissolution of the monasteries and chantries and they were implementing unpopular religious reforms - Absence of a powerful family in the area as well as a change of monarch (Edward to Mary) allowed ambitious men to promote themselves, therefore those who lost out were alienated and remained passive during the rebellion - the region had been constantly turbulent - 1537 = planned uprising, 1538 = Exeter conspiracy, 15337 = Carpy Ssack conspiracy (possible revival of the Pilgrimage of Grace). The region also resented William Body (a local archdeacon) who had a part in the destruction of religious images.

Answer 26

- William Body (local archdeacon) | - Sir Peter Carew - protestant sympathiser - made situation worse after meeting with rebels

Answer 27

- William Body arrived in Cornwall in 1548 to make sure all catholic images in churches and had been destroyed. he was then killed by a mob led by a local priest. on whit-Monday (one of the three baptism seasons), in Stampford Courtenay in Devon compelled their priests to revert tot he old service. Arundell then drew up a petition demanding the reinstatement of the old forms of worship. -Somerset was slow to respond. He promised to address the rebels grievances but after 7 weeks they hd still not dispersed so he sent in troops. During this time Arundell had set up camp on Bodmin hill with 2,000 troops where he then besieged Exeter for 6 weeks. Lord Russell then arrived with 8,000 German mercenaries who defeated the rebels killing 4,000 and Robert Welsh and Humphrey Arundell were executed.

Answer 28

- Weakened Somerset's government and was a significant part in his fall from power (autumn 1549) - Robert Welsh = hanged on his own church spire dressed in Popish ornaments

Answer 29

- Rebel leadership was poor and they moved slow allowing themselves to be bogged down in siege of Exeter - No clear aims- their demands included things that the government could not grant such as abandon the reformation. This caused the government to fight

Answer 30

- Change of monarch allowed ambitious people to rise up - Rebellion wasn't initially aggressive but the governments response made it aggressive - Weakened Somerset's political position

Answer 31

- Enclosures being a common issue - 1548 - riots in Hertfordshire caused Somerset to send 3 royal commissions to investigate illegal enclosures, this caused commons to start tearing down enclosures as they believed they had the backing of the government - After Robert Kett's enclosures were torn down he transferred his loyalty to the rebels

Answer 32

- Robert Kett = gentry (even though on the fringes) who led the rebellion - Marquis of Northampton - first force sent to put down the rebellion which was a failure

Answer 33

Norwich - rebels lay siege to Norwich (second largest city in the country) which was mainly a collapsing textile industry, this meant large unemployment and small farmers were also being affected by enclosures so the commons were empathetic to rebels

Answer 34

- Robert Kett transferred his loyalty to the rebels because of sympathy / angry he was on the fringes of the gentry. He set up camp on Mouse hill out side of Norwhich. At the time there was so many rebellions across the country that the government could not efficiently focus disrepute their forces which allowed for kett's numbers to grow (16,000 rebels joined), 3 more camps were then set up outside of Norwich. - Rebels lay siege to Norwich, paralysed authorities and gentry, Marquis of Northampton was sent with mercenaries which was defeated by the rebels - Kett moved his forces to Dussindale which was less protected. A government force of 12,000 levies and 1,000 mercenaries defeated the rebels (300 killed including Kett and his brother)

Answer 35

- Robert Kett - killed in battle

Answer 36

- London was loyal to the crown as they themselves were not affected by agrarian grievances - Kett made the rebellion into treason after attack Norwich, before then, the government had wanted to negotiate

Answer 37

- News of the rebellion caused France to declare war on England - Sealed Somerset's fat and impacted on foreign affairs - financially with Scotland - Helped Northumberland's status and credibility, January 1550 he used this support to become ruler

Answer 38

- Northumberland tried to change the line of succession from Mary and Elizabeth to Lady Jane Grey Northumberland was concerned about losing Protestantism in the face of a Catholic Mary - Northumberland did not want to lose his position of power

Answer 39

- Lady Jane Grey | - Mary I

Answer 40

- East Anglia - where Mary I fled to prepare a force against Northumberland

Answer 41

- Northumberland supervised the changing of succession (the device) supported by the Lords of the council, engagement to support kings will was signed by Northumberland and 102 people of the privy council. When Edward died the changed were never passed through Parliament - Mary I fled to East Anglia where she was the greatest land owner to gather support, Northumberland sent an un-armed force of 300 men to secure Mary - Northumberland then left the council with a force headed for Mary, this left the council open to influence. London commoners supported Mary, the council then proclaimed her queen and ordered the arrest of Northumberland. Nobles declared loyalty to Mary Northumberland surrendered and allowed himself to be arrested.

Answer 42

- Northumberland = tried and beheaded for treason

Answer 43

- Northumberland lacked support - people were more willing to support the Tudor blood line than religion - Northumberland's decision to leave London, left the council open from influence

Answer 44

- Northumberland = removed from power, threat of Lady Jane Grey to the throne is removed, tudor blood line = continued - Catholicism is brought back into England through the accession of Mary

Answer 45

- Objection to Mary I marrying Phillip I of Spain - Protestant fear of there being a Catholic monarch - foreign support on the side of the rebels as France did not want the marriage to go ahead

Answer 46

- Sir Thomas Wyatt - rebellion leader | - Sir Peter Carew + Sir James Croft (rebel leaders in the midlands and west country)

Answer 47

- Ludgate - Wyatt planned to go to London via Ludgate, reason for the failure of the rebellion

Answer 48

* resented losing the earldom of Tyrone to his brother who was illegitimate however his father preferred him, Shane murdered him * Elizabeth forgave him and recognised him as Captain of Tyrone and O’Niel head of the clan * Shane started to plot with Charles IX of France and MQS, claiming to be the true defender of the faith in Ireland * Shane took a large percentage of Ulster as the rebellion was too expensive for initial intervention

Answer 49

* 1561 = Sussex is sent with the O’Donnells to put down the rebellion however largely ineffective against Shane’s Guerilla tactics + 1000 Redshaws (Scottish mercenaries) * 1563 = Elizabeth mounts 3 big expeditions which targets Shane’s farms and property which persuaded him to come to London and he received a full pardon and given the position Captain of Tyrone + Lord of Tyrconnel + O’Niel head of the clan - Shane steals 30,000 cattle from the O’Donnells as a sign of loyalty to the crown * 1565 = rebellion starts up again - Shane is overreaching himself - Sidney sent with 1000 men however Shane is killed by a rival clan (possibly paid by English)

Answer 50

* Junior branches of the O’Niel clan were made to surrender their land and have them regranted according to the crown * Scots in Antrim = expelled * 3 Garrisons + 2 English colonies set up in Ards by Thomas Smith + Walter Deveraux - both failed as they forced natives to work on land for low wages + debt then the chance of owning their own land

Answer 51

* Showed how little recourses the crown had as they relied on the Earls of Kildare and the O’Donnells to bring an end to Shane and initial intervention was slow because of a lack of recourses * Showed crown did not have a full grip on Ireland as the length of the rebellion proved their was still Gaelic nationalism in Ireland

Answer 52

* Earls of Westmorland + Northumberland wanted MGS daughter recognised as the successor to Elizabeth by marrying MGS to Duke of Norfolk and producing a child * Wanted increased power in the North + removal of Cecil * Earls resented new Bishop Pilkington too Protestant-minded * Act of Uniformity had not been pressed enough by Gov - many nobles and gentry with private Charles still practised mass in private - took protection from JP’s (many whom were Catholic) or paid the 5p fine a week for not attending * Some beloved religion was a cloak for political motives

Answer 53

* 2 initial problems - Duke of Norfolk backed down + Earl of Sussex backed down (only raised 400 badly equipped cavalry) * Northern Earls tore down Protestant symbols at Durham Cathedral + headed South with 1600 cavalry + 2400 infantry, however lack of determination + organisation caused the rebel’s to disperse * English forces (1569) = 12,000 (York) + 10,000 (Lord Warwick + Clinton) * 1570 = Lord Dacre with 3000 men did not disperse however 500 of his men were either killed or arrested at Carlisle

Answer 54

* It was winter * There were false rumours of a large Royal force * MQS was on house arrest + Elizabeth’s intelligence service prevented MGS being the focuses of the rebellion * Lack of achievable aims * Scotland not the South would join the rebellion * Northumberland raised an army of only 80 men and the rebellion marched South before anymore could be gathered * They did not have the funds to pay the rebel’s and therefore 600 deserted * underestimated how long it would take to march to Tutbury to free Mary

Answer 55

* Parish reforms: keep track of men aged 16-60 able for millitary service + increased quality and size of county muster * 1573 = improved training for the militia * Council of the North reforms: Earl of Huntington = new president + JP’s were to enforce penal laws against Catholics + JP’s involved in rebellion = removed (more dependable JP’s reduced the influence of Catholic families in the North) * absence of Political / Religious reforms in north after rebellion proved 1572 reforms = successful * Elizabeth rarely appointee lieutenants however she did in the rebellion and the war with Spain which shows how insecure she felt

Answer 56

* Westmorland = escapes + Northumberland = captured * 700 rebels executed - shoes Elizabeth did not feel secure * Northern Earls lands seized + regranted to gentry in the South

Answer 57

* James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald resented English attempts to colonise Ireland * Elizabeth’s attempt to implement Protestant churches * treatment of Irish ppl following Shane’s rebellion, English were not allowed to kill Irish without a trial * JFF annoyed his cousin had been put in Tower of London following Butler clan feud

Answer 58

* James Fitzmaruice Fitzgerald | * Sir Humphrey Gilbert

Answer 59

• Cork + Kilkenny = where the Desmond’s besides English garrisons

Answer 60

* Delay in the Dublin administration allowed the rebellion to go on for so long * Desmond’s attempted to eject En settelers from their lands + besieged Cork and Kilkenny * 1569-72 = 800 rebels executed + 20 castles captured + lands seized * rebellion is put down in under a year

Answer 61

• JFF fled to Spain to gather support which lead to the Geraldine rebellion

Answer 62

* JFF does to Spain | * Strong Government response - 800 rebels executed + 20 castles captured + lands seized

Answer 63

* continuation from Munster rebellion when JFF returned from Spain with support * used Bull of Excommunication against Elizabeth to rally Irish people to rebel against the English * JFF resented English settelers and Dublin administration in Ireland * supported by Pope, Munster, Connaught, Leinster, 600 Italian and Spanish troops

Answer 64

* Lord Wilton - 1580’s he is sent with 6500 men against the Irish * Butlers = sided with the English against JFF

Answer 65

• Smerwick = massacre of entire English garrison (hung all rebels + rounded up Spanish and Irish ringleaders)

Answer 66

* JFF returns from Spain with support (600 - all killed) and declares a holy war in support of the papal Bull, he is then killed and taken over by Desmond * Butlers side with English and send 4,500 troops to aid the English * 1580 = Lord Wilton is sent with 6500 men to show English are still in charge, he massacres an Irish garrison at Smerwick hanging rebels and rounding up Spanish and Irish ringleaders * 1583 = Desmond is killed by a rival clan and his head was sent to Elizabeth for tower bridge

Answer 67

* Desmond = killer | * JFF = milled

Answer 68

* Gov response - Lord Wilton is sent with 6500 men - 2000 rebels killed inc all Spanish force * failure to gain a significant foreign backing * clan disputes - Butlers aided the English

Answer 69

• cost £254,000

Answer 70

* enclosures blames for shortages of grain * increased need for enclosures because of worst conditions for some decades (bad harvests + decreasing wages) + want to cultivate wasteland and marginal land * New enclosures in Oxfordshire and Hampton Gay + Poyle * Food prices increased by 36%

Answer 71

* Lord Norris (Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire) | * Bartolomew Steer (Carpenter + rebel leader)

Answer 72

• Enslow Hill

Answer 73

* 4 men (all commoners) gathered at enslow hill with the intention of seizing weapons from Lord Norris’s house and marching to London, however 50 years prior the Western rebellion had also met there so it was too predictable and someone leaked the plot to their Lord * the men threatened to kill 7 local landowners who had enclosed land - this maybe why they lacked support * prior to the rebellion the government had alters JP’s so they were on the look out for possible food riots so they were aware of the plot * rebels had no financial backing

Answer 74

* all taken to London where they were tortured for more information as it was concerned that this may be the start of a bigger rising * 2 were hung drawn and quartered * 3 = unknown

Answer 75

* poor organisation, someone leaked the plot to their Lord + predictable meeting point * rebels threatened violence which was not normal for a rebellion of its period and so it failed to gather support

Answer 76

* Several local landowners were punished for illegal enclosures * Lord Lieutenant (Lord Norris) was ordered to make extensive arrests however he believed less than 20 people were involved * Gov was concerned the rising was part of a bigger conspiracy theory

Answer 77

* Bishops were to give sermons to advertise the good work the government was doing to tackle social unrest * Wealthy people were reminded they had a religious duty to organise charity collections

Answer 78

* Act against the decaying of towns and villages of husbandry (care + breeding of crops and animals) * Act for the maintenance of husbandry and tillage (prep of land for growing crops)

Answer 79

* Essex felt threatened by Cecil, Essex could track his lineage back to 1066 so saw himself as a rep for the “old nobility”, he had lead the Irish forced against Tyrone to please Elizabeth but this was a failure * Essex’s bid got patronage following the death of Cecil was a failure and the Queen confined him to his home under house arrest as well as taking his chief source of income away - the sale of sweet wine * Essex hoped to raise the support of London against Cecil and the Queen’s councillors * Essex has little power against Cecil who he believed was using Government resources for his own profit * Essex believed people would rally behind him

Answer 80

• Major + Sheriff of London

Answer 81

• Fenchurch = as far as Essex got before he retreated

Answer 82

* main objective = overthrow political regime in power and force Elizabeth to appoint him principle advisor * Essex put on a play (Richard II) which was a Shakespearean which he believed would not make his rebellion so horrific however this only advertises his rebellion * Essex got as far as Fenchurch before retreating * Rebellion lasted less than 12 hours and was supported with less than 300 people however had more noble support than any other rebellion (including president of the council of the north - Earl of Sussex) however Essex was unable to get the support of the Mayor and Sheeiff of London

Answer 83

* Essex’s power base was in Wales which was too far away to gain substantial support * the play of Richard II only advertised his rebellion and failed to gain him support the government also had a strong intelligence service that was able to notify them of the plot

Answer 84

• Essex + 2 associates were executed

Answer 85

* punished: 36 rebels fined + more than 100 arrested + Essex and 2 associates executed + rest let off * proved how successful the Gov intelligence service was as they were able to become aware of the plot before it got out of hand and close the city gates

Answer 86

* large threat to government as it could have been a direct threat to the monarch + gov took drastic measures for Essex’s arrest (threatened to put a cannon through his house if he did not surrender) + in London * 1st Rebellion to challenge government in over half a century

Answer 87

* Dynastic - sought to overthrow Henry VII and reinstate the house of York * aided by Thomas and Humphrey Stafford * Francis Lovell = councillor to Richard III

Answer 88

* Francis Lovell * Thomas + Humphrey Stafford * John Conyers = Major in Yorkshire

Answer 89

* Middleham - where troops were bought from | * Culham Church - where rebel’s were tracked down too

Answer 90

* rebels took sanctuary at Colchester and raised troops at Middleham * they could not get enough support from their retainers * tracked down to Cullham church where Henry sent his closest advisors to apprehend Lovell who was therefore forced to leave the country and escaped

Answer 91

* little support - they had no alternative to a king and Lovell and the Staffords were only minor nobles * good government intelligence was able to track down the rebellion before it became a threat

Answer 92

• Lovell = escaped

Answer 93

* Lovell escaped * John Coyners (mayor in Yorkshire) had serious bonds imposed against him (£2,000) and other rebels he also had his stewardship of Middleham revoked

Answer 94

* very low threat level - Lovell + Staffords were only minor rebels * rebels were denied sanctuary and proved good Government intelligence

Answer 95

* paraded the real Earl of Warwick in London + introduced him to ambassadors visiting the country to prove Simnel was an imposter * A Papal Bull excommunicating all rebel’s was printed which detected a lot of rebels from fighting

Answer 96

* Star Chamber Act - set up to deal with nobles who distrusted the kings peace * Act of Livery and Maintenance - restricted the amount of servants a noble could have which could be used as a private army

Answer 97

* Surrey is splinted Lietenant of the Council of the North * Henry agreed not to collect the tax * distracted Henry from the war with France

Answer 98

* more then 100 rebels killed Blackheath and no bodies were sent back to Cornwall for burial * Cornwall was made exempt from paying war tax however Henry did not cost Cornwall as there was still strong resentment against gov policies * rebellion in the south distracted Henry from war with Scotland as Daubeny was sent to the south to deal with the rebellion * encouraged Warbeck to use cornwall as base from which to start his rebellion

Answer 99

* Decreased foreign relations - 3 year trade embargo placed on Burgundy to expel Warbeck; Kildare persuaded to renounce Warbeck; Charles VIII persuaded to expel Warbeck + supporters; James IV persuaded with the threat of war to expel Warbeck * distracted Henry from Cornwall rebellion * Warbeck fled when news of Daubeny’s approach became apparent * Warbeck captured and arrested and after attempted escape he is executed

Answer 100

* 18 ringleaders taken to London for questioning + 525 charged with riots and unlawful assembly * ringleaders were freed and given 90 silver pieces each because either; Henry commanded Wolsey to do so / Wolsey claimed they were improvised * No one paid the tax + Henry was unable to carry out a French invasion campaign * Henry targeted the more wealthy in the future

Answer 101

* cost = £40,000 * Parlinentary + Kildare lands seized + monastic and bishop lands which was part of increased religious changes in Ireland this lead to 1539 riots against the archbishop of Dublin which proved there was still a strong sense of Gaelic nationalism in Ireland however the rebellion fizzled out quickly * Irish administrators in Dublin were replace with English officials + English Garrisons set up + border defences increased as part of increased military presence in Ireland * as a result the imposition of martial law 70 English and Irish supporters were hung + 5 of Silken Thomas’s uncles were executed + 200 rebels were fined and their lands attained

Answer 102

* executions: 8 priests killed in Cornwall as a result of martial law + 4 ringleaders including Arundell were killed + Vicar of St Thomas was hung on his own church spire dressed in Catholic vestments and Popish ornaments + more than 100 rebels were hung in Devon + Somerset * did not stop the Protestant prayer book being written * 6 ringleaders pardoned * Thomas Cramer attempted to attack rebels in propaganda however this had little affect as not many people could read

Answer 103

* Cramner’s attempt to have sermons sinning rebels read out in parish churches had little affect * 3000 rebels killed by Royal army + 144 German and Swiss mercaneries * 49 prisoners hung at Dusindale + Ringleaders hung + Kett was sent to the London where he was tried, executed, tortured for information + sent to be hung on the city walls of Norwich * aided Duke of Somerset’s fall from power

Answer 104

* Support cane from; Kent, Leicestershire, Welsh marches, Devon - only Kent raised enough troops (2000) men and marched to London, Gov intelligence how found possible rebels in the counties and this deterred a lot of rebels from fighting (e.g. Carew fled to France on the news that he had been discovered) * Once never London Mary sent the Duke of Norwich to apprehend the rebel’s however he was 80 and unable to command enough respect and a lot of petiole desserts the royal army after the rebels shouted “we are all Englishmen” * Wyattt

Answer 105

* Gov intelligence was able to scope out possible rebels in the supporting counties (Devon, Leicestershire, Kent, Welsh marches) this lead to the large majority of them deserting the rebellion (Leicestershire only managed to raise 140 men) and Wyatt was the only county with a substantial force * London supported Mary (show of Gov stability) * Wyatt refused to return home and negotiate terms therefore his rebellion was seen as treason and thus treated as such

Answer 106

* Wyatt = executed | * rebels = 71 executed

Answer 107

* went some way in convincing Mary to make Philip of Spain consort to the crown instead of king + damaged English-Spanish relations as it was apparent there was a feeling of xenephobia in England * 600 rebels were pardoned + 480 rebels charged with waging war against the crown + more than 1000 rebels were indicted * Elizabeth was put under house arrest at Woodstock whisky the council decided whether she was involved or not + tortured Wyatt for information on whether Elizabeth was involved or not

Answer 108

* support from London showed gov stability * the amount of rebels pardoned (600) showed that Mary was more interested in winning public support rather than inflicting revenge on the rebels

Answer 109

* Star Chamber Act = established to deal with nobles who disrupted the kings peace * Act of Maintenance and Livery = restricted the amount of servings that a noble could have that could possibly used as a private army

Rebellions Flashcards

(134 cards)