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6: Response and Homeostasis > Receptors > Flashcards

Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

What do receptors do?

A

Respond to changes in mechanical pressure on the skin.

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2
Q

Receptors are specific, what does that mean?

A

They will only respond to certain stimuli

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3
Q

What stimulus do pacinian corpuscles respond to?

A

Changes in pressure

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4
Q

When Pacinian corpuscles detect a change in pressure, what is generated?

A

A generator potential

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5
Q

Inside finger tips, where would Pacinian corpuscles be found?

A

Deep under the skin

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6
Q

Which type of neurone and part of it is the Pacinian corpuscle made from?

A

The end of the sensory neurone

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7
Q

The Pacinian corpuscle is surrounded by gel. What is contained in this gel?

A

Na+ ions

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8
Q

Na+ ion channels in the sensory neurone membrane will open when what happens?

A

When pressure is applied, Na+ channels open

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9
Q

Explain how a generator potential is created in Pacinian corpuscles.
What happens to the sensory neurone membrane?

A

Opening of Na+ ion channels causes a movement of ions in, causing the charge inside the cell to increase and charge outside the cell decreases. Membrane depolarises.

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10
Q

What are the sodium channels in Pacinian corpuscles called?

A

Stretch mediated

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11
Q

What do rod and cone cells do as transducers?

A

Convert light energy from the retina to electrical energy.

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12
Q

Why are images produced by rod cells in black and white?

A

They cannot distinguish between different wavelengths of light.

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13
Q

What are rod cells connected to in the eye?

A

Sensory neurones in the optic nerve

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14
Q

Do rod cells detect high or low light intensity?

A

Low

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15
Q

Why is there a higher chance of threshold being exceeded in rod cells?

A

Because rod cells are connected to a single bipolar cell

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16
Q

Name the pigment in rod cells.

A

Rhodopsin

17
Q

How is the pigment broken down in rod cells?

A

Rhodopsin pigment is broken down which is powered by energy from low intensity light

18
Q

Several rod cells link to how many bipolar cells?

A

1

19
Q

Why is only a single impulse generated even when several rod cells are stimulated?

A

These several rod cells will only be connected to one neuron.

20
Q

Where are rod cells absent in the eye?

A

Fovea

21
Q

Where are rod cells found in abundance in the eye?

A

At the periphery of the retina.

22
Q

What does ‘low visual acuity’ of rod cells mean?

A

You cannot distinguish between 2 separate sources of light.

23
Q

What colour will light detected by cone cells be?

A

Any colour

24
Q

How are specific colours detected by cone cells?

A

All wavelengths of light for different colours will be absorbed. The wavelength reflected will be the colour that we see.

25
Q

How many cone cells we be attached to one bipolar neurone?

A

1

26
Q

Explain why cone cells have high visual acuity.

A

Because cone cells are connected to their own bipolar cell, this means that 2 separate wavelengths of light can be distinguished against.

27
Q

Are cone cells used to detect high or low intensity light?

A

High

27
Q

Which type of summation do cone cells rely on?

A

Temporal

27
Q

What is temporal summation?

A

Where one pre synaptic neurone releases neurotransmitter to try and trigger the next neurone to fire.

27
Q

Where in the eye are cone cells found in high concentration?

A

Fovea

28
Q

Where in the eye are cone cells found in low concentration?

A

Periphery of retina

28
Q

Name the pigment found in cone cells.

A

Iodopsin

29
Q

Why do cone cells produce higher resolution?

A

Because the cone cells are connected to their own individual bipolar cell. This means the brain will receive a separate impulse for each wavelength.

6: Response and Homeostasis (11 decks)

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