RECIT

Question 1

First Aid

Answer 1

Initial emergency care given immediately upon arrival at the scene to an ill or injured person

Question 2

3Ps (Treatment Guide)

Answer 2

Prevent further injury
Preserve life
Promote recovery

Question 3

5 aims when conducting emergency care

Answer 3

1. Protection against further injury
2. Preservation of life
3. Promotion of recovery
4. Prevention of injuries to people at any age
5. Promotion of healthy lifestyle

Question 4

Protection against further injury

Answer 4

No injured person should be moved if their life isn’t in danger

What to do:

Call for professional help
Establish what dangers may be present before providing first aid

Question 5

Preservation of life

Answer 5

A person needs an open airway, which could help avoid common cause of death in unconscious patients ( regurgitated stomach contents)

What to do:

Place in recovery position by leaning patient over on their side

What to do (choking):

Back Slaps
Abdominal thrusts

Question 6

Promoting recovery

Answer 6

First aiders are likely to be trained in dealing w/ injuries (cuts, graze, bone fracture) until next stage of definitive care arrives

Question 7

Prevention of injuries to people at any age — order:

Answer 7

Infant
Child
Adult

• Needs parental permission for infant and child unless unresponsive or not present

Question 8

Promoting healthy lifestyle

Answer 8

There are many different ways but you would want to adhere to general guidelines:

Be a role model
Encourage healthy eating
Encourage physical activity

Question 9

What is BLS?

Answer 9

Performed to support patient’s circulation and respiration through the use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation until advanced life support arrives

Question 10

6 key elements of BLS

Answer 10

1. Prompt recognition of cardiac arrest
2. Call for urgent medical assistance
3. Early effective CPR with an emphasis on minimal disruptions to compressions
4. Early defibrillation
5. Early advanced life support
6. Integrated post-cardiac arrest care

Question 11

Steps in CPR (DRSABCD)

Answer 11

Danger
Response
Send for help
Airway
Breathing
CPRA
Defibrillator

Question 12

2 types of CPR

Answer 12

Hands-only CPR
Traditional CPR with breaths

Question 13

Hands-only CPR

Answer 13

Involves calling for help and pushing on the chest in a rapid motion (i.e. chest compression), which can prevent delay in getting blood flow through the body

Question 14

Traditional CPR with breaths

Answer 14

Also called as CPR with breaths, which alternates chest compressions with mouth-to-mouth breaths, which can give the body more oxygen in critical moments before help arrives.

Question 15

Compressions only CPR

Answer 15

Commenced when a victim/patient is unconscious or not breathing normally

Question 16

Rules for compression (4)

Answer 16

1. 100-120 compressions per minute (all ages
2. Push down firmly on the sternum to 1/3 of the depth of chest
3. Push in a regular rhythm
4. Compression/relaxation ratio should be 50:50 with complete recoil of chest each compression

Question 17

Why is taking notes important?

Answer 17

For the notes to provide assistance when recalling the incident and to also serve as a document when used in court

Question 18

Frequent personnel rotation should be taken after _________ or ___________.

Answer 18

200 compressions or approximately 2 minutes

Question 19

Avoid compression below lower limits of sternum as may cause _______ or __________.

Answer 19

Regurgitation or damage to liver/spleen/stomach

Question 20

Avoid compressions to high as ___________ is achieved.

Answer 20

Ineffective depth

Question 21

After each _____________ there is an interruption for ________.

Answer 21

30 compressions
2 breaths

Question 22

Popular songs to keep compression rhythm

Answer 22

• Staying alive by the Bee Gees
• Row row row your boat
• Baby shark

Question 23

4 steps of CPR with breaths

Answer 23

P - erform chest compressions
O - Open the airway
G - ive rescue breaths
A - lternate rescue breaths with chest compressions

Question 24

4 steps of CPR w/ breaths:

How to perform chest compressions? (3)

Answer 24

• Check scene for safety
• Lay patient in a firm, flat surface
• Perform 30 chest compressions

Question 25

4 steps of CPR w/ breaths: How to open the airway?

Answer 25

•Put your palm on patient's forehead and tilt head back • Gently lift their chin forward with your other hand

Question 26

4 steps of CPR w/ breaths: How to give rescue breaths? (3)

Answer 26

• With an open airway, pinch nostrils shut, and cover patient's nose and mouth with CPR mask to make a seal • For infants, cover both nose and mouth with mask • If no mask: use mouth, 2 rescue breaths ( 1 sec each), and if no rising of chest then reposition

Question 27

4 steps of CPR w/ breaths: How to alternate rescue breathing with chest compressions?

Answer 27

• Alternate 30 chest pumps with 2 rescue breaths until patient breathes again or medical help arrives • If patient starts breathing again, lay them on their side quietly until medical assistance arrives

Question 28

What is CPR?

Answer 28

A life-saving technique which consists of chest compressions and artificial ventilation to maintain circulatory flow and oxygenation during cardiac arrest

Question 29

Delivery of chest compressions (5)

Answer 29

• Overlapping hands placed on the center of sternum, arms extended • Elbows should be locked • 100-120 compressions per minute • Push as hard to attain 2 inches depth and should allow recoil between each compression • Minimize interruptions in compressions

Question 30

Delivery of mouth-to-mouth ventilations (2)

Answer 30

• Avoid excessive ventilation • If no advanced airway, 30:2 compression-ventilation ratio

Question 31

5 most common non-performing arrhythmia

Answer 31

Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (PVT) Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) Asystole Pulseless Bradycardia (PB)

Question 32

What is cardiac defibrillator?

Answer 32

Provides electrical shock to hard via 2 electrodes placed on patient's torso, which may restore heart into a normal perfusing rhythm

Question 33

3 steps in CPR technique

Answer 33

C - ompression A - Airway B - reathing