Reconstructive Memory

Question 1

intro

Answer 1

proposed by Bartlett
memory is active reconstruction not reproduction
based on schemas
organised packages that store knowledge about world built by past experiences and media
overtime they develop and become more complex

Question 2

P1

Answer 2

uses war of ghost story
based on culturally native american folklore
ppts recalled after certain intervals min- yrs
he found story became shorter confabulated and rationalised after each recall
e.g hunting for seal became hunting for fish

Question 3

strength

Answer 3

valid
nobody knew story
reflects real life task

Question 4

contradictory

Answer 4

didn’t use standardised procedures
lacks reliability
interval lengths differ
however once it became standardised, results were similar

Question 5

P2

Answer 5

uses theory to further explain how schemas affect memory, retrieval and encoding
info that doesn’t fit in schema get forgotten
retrieve info by unconsciously opening schema to fill gap in memory

Question 6

contradictory

Answer 6

can’t explain flashbulb memories
ppts remembered something black coming out of character mouth
shows that flashbulb memories also created through something that something unusually significant
e.g 9/11

Question 7

Usefulness

Answer 7

Eye witness testimony flawed
interviewers need to improve their questioning
e.g not asking leading questions
Loftus and Palmer

Question 8

Usefulness

Answer 8

Eye witness testimony flawed
interviewers need to improve their questioning
e.g not asking leading questions
Loftus and Palmer wording of question can influence answers led to Delvin Report which advises caution for convict

Question 9

conclusion

Answer 9

model shown to incorporate both nature and nuture
schemas held in brain (nature) and developed by experiences (nuture) showing both affected by memory