RED 417 - MIDTERM Flashcards
(44 cards)
Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU)
Concept: attached smaller unit or smaller unit on the lot
Benefits:
● Affordable type of home to construct (no new land to buy)
● Can provide a source of income for homeowners. (charge rent)
● Allow extended families to be near one another while maintaining Privacy.
● ADUs can provide as much living space as many newly-built apartments and condominiums
allows seniors to age in place where they require more care.
Central Park
Person: Frederick Law Olmstead
Features
- Set lower so you can’t see any cars
- No gardens
- No cultural attractions
- No competitive sports
- No zoos (one was later added)
Flaneur
Strollers, people that walked around Paris in their finest clothes to talk to people and lead social lives
- post-plague activity
Jules Guerin
Was hired by Daniel Burnham to make perspective illustrations for the Plan of Chicago (1909)
-Also made paintings of the Chicago World Fair
Bilbao Effect
The phenomenon whereby cultural investment plus showy architecture is supposed to equal economic uplift for cities down on their luck
Reading: Sharon Zukin
Municipal Housekeeping
Person: Jane Addams
Concept: They believed a woman’s home was her city and that it was the responsibility of women to keep their cities safe and clean.
Reading: Eric Avila (2014)
Mary Pickford
An American actress who Advocated for parks, city beautification in Los Angeles
-preferred a “ spanish flavor”
- Would invite friends to her Beverly Hills home and tell them to come through Pasadena
(prettier, more aesthetic)- Used fame/recognized power of film industry → LA wasn’t actually pretty
- Advocated for parks, city beautification → spanish “flavor”
- Promised commercial dividends as well with the beautification
White City
Person: Daniel Burnham
■ All buildings in white
■ Featured innovations/technologyadvancements from around the world
■ Put Chicago on the world stage■ A form of “cleansing”
■ Brought back neoclassical plans(dating back to the Romans/Greeks)■ Fair was divided between White Cityand the Midway
Social Infrastructures
The physical places and organizations that shape our communities; the glue that binds the community together- (Libraries, parks, public pools)
-Promotes citizenship and keeps delinquency down
Florence Kelly
- Social reformer and political activist
- Defended the rights of women and children
- Helped close sweatshops and established minimum wage requirements
Pope Sixtus V
Primary objective was to elevate Rome beyond the catholic capital of the world, to all walks of life. Wanted Rome to be a religious, powerful, historical, point for pilgrimage. Rome eventually became a center of power thanks to his arrangement of focal points of attraction
Innovations:
Triviums (three streets that lead to the same destination)
Vistas: “framing of a distant view”
•Showed hierarchy in a community; religious reasons•
Reading: DeJean
Baroque elements
- straight streets
- Roman Castra (no curved streets like old Barcelona)
- Public order
- Uniformity/Continuous frontage
- variety in unity
- vistas: the framing of a distant view
City Beautiful
A reform philosophy of North American architecture and urban planning that flourished during the 1890s and 1900s with the intent of introducing beautification and monumental grandeur in cities
Related: Chicago World Fair, White City, Plan of Chicago
Disneyfication (aka “theming)
Clothing institutions or objects in a narrative that are largely unrelated to the institution or object to which it is applied, such as casino or restaurant with a Wild West, Rainforest Cafes narrative
-the process by which the principles of the Disney theme park are applied to objects or buildings
- forced perspectives
Ex. a miniaturized version of the French Quarter in NO, Neuschwanstein Castle in Germany - Celebration, FL. (planned community by Walt Disney) was a housing development
-maximum surveillance/control
Baron Haussman
Completed Henry IV’s renovation of Paris (1853-1890)
- Constructed wide boulevards/new parks
- Gas lighting for the street
- Constructed monuments
- Reorganized and symmetrical road system
- Split into districts
- Expanded sewer system – made city cleaner
○ Even on rainy day, people still walking around (1877) - Not just going from one place to the next, about the experience
○ Paris = European leader in city planning and modern architecture after rulers
started listening to architects and engineers
Judy Baca
Feminism under the Freeway (Week 4 Avila reading)
● Chicana muralist
● Art showcased her forced relationship with the freeways
● Famous for her mural, The Great Wall of LosAngeles - 1970s○ ½ mile long concrete painted wall○ Portrays the history of LA/CA through the perspective of minority groups
● Hitting the Wall: Women in the Marathon○ 1984○ Visual tribute to women participating in the Olympics
Neighborhood Unit
A formula on how to design a space so that it becomes a neighborhood
- residences, shops, church, schools at the center
- commercial areas relegated to the perimeter
- Pedestrians were able to move freely along interior curvilinear streets without interference from high-speed vehicular traffic
- NUC represented a break with the traditional neighborhood grid-pattern street system of the early 1900s.
- laid the foundation for modern-day planning movements
“Staging the City”
Boosting the beauty of the city would attract more people
-Mary Pickford
Ex. Long Beach Gateway, Playa Del Rey oil fields, Highline NYC
Drawback: Gentrification
Plan of Chicago
Written by Daniel Burnham and Jules Guerin (1909), distributed in Wacker Manual to school
children
Recommendations
- improved lakefront
- systematic arrangement of streets
- centers of intellectual life
- improved railway terminals
- system of highways outside the city
- outer park system
- Think regionally, not just locally
Pont Neuf
First bridge over the river in Paris (1606)
- Balconies create vistas, tried to accommodate the growing population and Tourists (multipurpose)
Reading: De Jean
Southdale Shopping Center
● Victor Gruen built in 1956
-an unknown suburb of Minneapolis.
proved to be the model that revolutionized suburban shopping centers–and that model spread across the nation during that decade and the next.
-Over the next two decades Gruen designed over fifty malls himself.
Reading: Gladwell
Vision Zero
Trying to reduce pedestrian automobile traffic deaths in LA
Highline NYC
Park built on old railway tracks that were crime ridden but now a park that brings in billions of dollars to Chelsea
Has become a destination in new york, strategic planting design ○
Repurposed into a green space/walk way
○ Connected to many amenities, enhances the area ○ Receptive activity – most of it is to receive/expose.
You are not supposed to exert anything, just observe and enjoy
Sidewalk Ballet
This sidewalk ballet consists of all of all of the aspects that entail casual public trust and contact. Includes leaving keys with shopkeepers, children playing in the streets, and non-parent adults disciplining said children.
Reading: Jane Jacobs
