Red blood Cells In General

Question 1

The one who is first to describe RBCs as “small globules”

Answer 1

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 2

Differentiate erythron from RBC mass

Answer 2

RBC mass- includes RBCs only in the circulation

Erythron - includes RBCs in the BM and circulation

Question 3

In what gene is erythropoietin found

Answer 3

Chromosome 7

Question 4

Reference range of EPO

Answer 4

5-30 mU/MI

Question 5

How does the liver function in destruction and death of RBCs

Answer 5

The liver removes damaged RBCs FROM THE CIRCULATION

Question 6

Function of Spleen in RBCs death/destruction

Answer 6

The spleen is the principal site for senescent RBCs

Question 7

Basic nutrient requirement of RBCs

Answer 7

Iron, folate, vit B12

Question 8

Fill in the blank
Pernicious anemia is a _____ anemia which is caused by a _______ ______factor.

Answer 8

megaloblastic, defective, intrinsic

Question 9

In what conditions is erythropoiesis usually initiated

Answer 9

In HYPOXIC CONDITIONS like high altitudes, decreased RBC count, decreased availability of Oxygen, or increased tissue demand for Oxygen

Question 10

Sites of bone marrow in the body

Answer 10

Sternum, pelvis (iliac crest), proximal end of long bones, skull, ribs, vertebrae

Question 11

The earliest committed RBC progenitor

Answer 11

BFU- E

Question 12

It stimulates maturation of BFU- into CFU-E

Answer 12

KIT ligands (IL3, TPO, G-CSF)

Question 13

Recall the difference between progenitor and precursor

Answer 13

Progenitors: all are similar/cannot be differentiated
Precursor: starts to differentiate

Question 14

[RBC precursor] Globin production starts at this stage

Answer 14

Rubriblast/Pronormoblast/Proerythroblast

Question 15

[RBC precursor] There is detectable hemoglobin synthesis

Answer 15

Prorubricyte/Basophilic normoblast/basophilic erythroblast

Question 16

[RBC precursor] The last stage capable of mitosis

Answer 16

Rubricyte/ Polychromatic normoblast/Polychromatic erythroblast

Question 17

[RBC precursor] Where the nucleus is ejected

Answer 17

Metarubricyte/Orthochromic normoblast/Orthochromatophilic normoblast

Question 18

[RBC precursor] Hemoglobin production is completed; contains nucleus

Answer 18

Reticulocyte/ Polychromatic erythrocyte

Question 19

[Color] Anisochromasia

Answer 19

Unequal distribution of Hgb in the cell

Question 20

[Color] Polychromatophilia / polychromasia

Answer 20

Multiple-colored
Seen in Wright stain

Question 21

What are shift erythrocytes?

Answer 21

Premature release of erythrocytes from bone marrow

Question 22

What is the expected MCV and MCHC value in cases of spherocytosis

Answer 22

Normal MCV
Increased MCHC

Question 23

4 Basic Functions of RBC membrane

Answer 23

1. Separates intra and extracellular fluid environment of plasma
2. Allows ion and nutrient passage
3. Allows cell to deform when required
4. Acts as supporting cells for antigens and receptors

Question 24

Composition of RBC

Answer 24

(Rodaks)
Protein: 52%
Lipids: 40%
Carbs: 8%

(Others)
Protein: 50%
Lipids: 40%
Carbs: 10%

Question 25

Fucntions of peripheral proteins

Answer 25

Regulate shape and deformability

Question 26

Examples of peripheral proteins and asscoc dse

Answer 26

Spectrin band 1 and 2 ( hereditary elliptocytosis and heredity spherocytosis) Actin band 5

Question 27

Function of integral proteins

Answer 27

Resposible for zeta potential

Question 28

GP band 3 function

Answer 28

Sn inorganic transport protein which Gives the red cell a negative charge

Question 29

Enzyme Systems of RBC

Answer 29

Na-K pump Calcium pump

Question 30

Na- K pump involves what

Answer 30

Active transport Sodium is expelled Potassium is absorbed inside the cell Too much intake of potassium will cause SHRINKAGE Too much intake of sodium will cause SWELLING/LYSIS

Question 31

Calcium pump involves what

Answer 31

Calcium goes out of the cell Calcium inside the cell prevents cell deformability Magnesium goes inside of the cell Too much calcium makes cell RIGID and LESS DEFORMABLE