Redox and periodicity Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are the 5 types of structure?
Monatomic
simple molecular
ionic
giant covalent
metallic
Monatomic substances are all _____ at room temperature.
Gases
Why do ionic structures have high melting and boiling points?
Strong electrostatic attractive between oppositely charged ions which requires more energy to break.
Why are ionic structures only electrical conductors when liquid or a solution?
Because the ions are free to move.
Why do metallic structures have high melting and boiling points?
Because there is a strong electrostatic force between cations and delocalised electrons which requires more energy to break.
Why are metallic structures good electrical conductors?
because they have delocalised electrons which move freely.
Why are metallic structures malleable?
Because of the layers of ions that can slide over each other.
Why do giant covalent structures have very high melting points?
There are many strong covalent bonds which require large amounts of energy to break.
Why are giant covalent structures bad electrical conductors?
Because all the outer electrons are used in bonding.
Why do molecular structures have low melting and boiling points?
because of the weak intermolecular forces which don’t require much energy to overcome.
What is a disproportionation reaction?
When a species is simultaneously oxidised and reduced.
Define the term ‘first ionisation energy’.
The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to make one mole of gaseous unipositive ions.
Define the term ‘second ionisation energy’.
The energy required to remove one electron from each unipositive ion in one mole of gaseous unipositive ions to make one mole of gaseous dipositive ions.
