Redox Reactions Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the formulas for the following acids:
- Hydrochloric acid
- Sulfuric acid
- Nitric acid
- Ethanoic acid
What do all acids contain
Hydrogen
What happens to an acid when it reacts with water
It dissociates (splits)
It releases an H+ ion and it releases a negatively charged ion
What is a strong acid
An acid that fully dissociates
What is a base
A molecule that can neutralise an acid to produce a salt
What happens when an acid and base react together
Produces salt and water
What is an alkali
A base that dissolves in water
What is the equation for neutralisation
What does oxidation mean
Loss in electrons
What does reduction mean
Gain electrons
What is a redox reaction
When reduction an oxidation happens at the same time
What is a gain in hydrogen normally considered
Reduction
What is a spectator ion
Ions that don’t change throughout the reaction
What elements are being oxidised or reduced
Zn gets reduced
Mg gets oxidised
What is the half equation for what happens to Mg
What is an oxidising agent
Any element that accepts electrons
What is a reducing agent
Any element gives electrons
What is the half equation for what happens to Zn
What are the half equations for Ca and Cl in this equation
What are the oxidation states of pure elements
0
What happens to a pure element’s oxidation state when it reacts with another element
It becomes more or less than 0
What are the exceptions when it comes to the oxidation states of oxygen
It is -1 in peroxides such as H2O2
It has an oxidation state of +2 when reacting with fluorine
What is the oxidation state of fluorine
Always -1
What is the exception when it comes to the oxidation state of hydrogen
-1 in metal hydrides such as LiH
