Reformation

Question 1

Martin Luther

Answer 1

Created the Protestant church; posted the 95 theses; believed that Christ is present in the Eucharist because of God’s mystery

Question 2

Ulrich Zwingli

Answer 2

Relied on Erasmus’ New Testament; believed that religion should be based on scriptures

Question 3

95 Theses

Answer 3

Posted by Martin Luther on the door of Wittenberg Church; shared his desired reforms for the Catholic Church

Question 4

German Peasants Revolt

Answer 4

Caused by the poor treatment of peasants; not supported by Luther because they went against secular powers

Question 5

Anabaptists

Answer 5

Believed you should get baptized later in life

Question 6

Radicals

Answer 6

Considered to be people who wanted the Church to be separate from the state; had influence on German Peasants Revolt

Question 7

Charles V

Answer 7

King of the Holy Roman Empire; believed it was his duty to maintain religious unity

Question 8

Religious Wars in Germany and Switzerland

Answer 8

Charles V fought to preserve Catholicism; Ended when Charles V accepted the Peace of Augsburg

Question 9

Augsburg Confession

Answer 9

Lutheran statement of faith made at an Imperial Diet

Question 10

Peace of Augsburg

Answer 10

Ended religious wars in Germany and Switzerland; Charles V recognized Lutheranism

Question 11

Henry VIII

Answer 11

King of England; left the Roman Catholic Church when he could not get a annulment for his marriage; made himself the Head of the Church of England; this Church still maintained Catholic practices until he dissolved the monasteries and absorbed their wealth

Question 12

Thomas More

Answer 12

King Henry VIII’s chancellor; author of “Utopia”; hired to write against Lutheranism

Question 13

Pilgrimage of Grace

Answer 13

The largest rebellion in English history that was against King Henry VIII’s changes to the church

Question 14

Religious Wars Between England and Spain

Answer 14

Philip II prepared the Spanish Armada to attack England; trying to make the country Catholic again; Spain lost making England a superpower and proving the strength of their navy’s

Question 15

Book of Common Prayer

Answer 15

Included order for all services and prayers for the Church of England

Question 16

Mary Tudor

Answer 16

Moved England back to Catholicism

Question 17

Elizabeth I

Answer 17

Considered herself the “Supreme Governor of the Church of England”; allowed people to worship what they wanted as long as they went to church

Question 18

John Calvin

Answer 18

Created Calvinism; wrote “The Institutes of the Christian Religion”; worked in Geneva; believed that God has absolute power; believed in predestination;

Question 19

Pope Paul III

Answer 19

Reformed the church; created the Council of Trent

Question 20

Council of Trent

Answer 20

Called by Pope Paul III to reform the church and to reconcile with other religions

Question 21

Ignatius Loyola

Answer 21

Founded the Jesuits which spread Catholicism around the world

Question 22

French Religious Wars

Answer 22

Huguenots (French Calvanists) against Catholics; Iconoclasm was common; Saint Bartholomew’s day violence started the war; politiques ended the war when they accepted the Hugenots

Question 23

Henry of Navarre

Answer 23

Focused on politics to create peace in France

Question 24

Edict of Nantes

Answer 24

Liberty of conscience and of public worship to the Huguenots

Question 25

Union of Utrecht

Answer 25

Declaration of Independence for the northern province of the Netherlands form the southern, Catholic, provinces ruled by Spain

Question 26

The Netherlands

Answer 26

Calvinism spread when Philip II took over the Netherlands; ended in 1609 when Spain agreed to a truce and recognized the independence of the northern provinces