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Psychiatric Nursing > Refresher: Psychiatric Nursing 2 > Flashcards

Refresher: Psychiatric Nursing 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

act of being mute

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Mutism

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2
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

always say NO

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Negativism

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3
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

beating around the bush (paligoy-ligoy); WITH AN ANSWER

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Circumstantiality

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4
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

beating around the bush (paligoy-ligoy); WITHOUT AN ANSWER

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Tangentiality

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5
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

flowery words

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Stilted language

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6
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

with meaning, slightly related

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Flight of ideas

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7
Q

Disturbances in Communication:
without meaning, not related at all
(statements, sentences)

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Loose association

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8
Q

Disturbances in Communication:
from the word persevere; one topic only
Ex: Topic: bball
kahit anong topic iopen, they always come back sa topic na bball

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Perseveration

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9
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

parrot-like imitation

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Echolalia

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10
Q

Disturbances in Communication:
repetition of stereotyped words (last syllable)
Ex: Nahulog-log-log..

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Palilalia

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11
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

repetition of the same words all over again, may topic or wala

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Verbigeration

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12
Q

Disturbances in Communication:
Copro (feces), lalia (logic, speech)
trashtalkers, bad words, curse

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Coprolalia

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13
Q

Disturbances in Communication:
coining new words (sila lang nakakaintindi)
Ex: the song, pash pash

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Neologism

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14
Q

Disturbances in Communication:
sudden cessation of thought (mental block)
Ex: during thesis defend, case presentation

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Blocking

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15
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

mixture of unrelated words

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Word salad

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16
Q

Disturbances in Communication:

rhyming

A

Disturbances in Communication:

Clang association

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17
Q

Disturbances in Perception:
fixed false “belief” (maling paniniwala)

Types:

  1. Persecutory - laging pinapatay
  2. Religious - feeling friend si Lord
  3. Grandeur - feeling nakakaangat sa lahat
A

Disturbances in Perception:

Delusions

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18
Q

Disturbances in Perception:

naniniwala sa mahika (Air, fire)

A

Disturbances in Perception:

Magical thinking

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19
Q

Disturbances in Perception:

extreme suspiciousness

A

Disturbances in Perception:

Paranoia

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20
Q

Disturbances in Perception:
obsession in religious ideas
Ex: ako ang tagapagligtas

A

Disturbances in Perception:

Religiosity

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21
Q

Disturbances in Perception:
irrational fear

with experience - PTSD

A

Disturbances in Perception:

Phobia

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22
Q 
Disturbances in Perception:
persistent thoughts (naiisip)
A

Disturbances in Perception:

Obsession

23
Q

Disturbances in Perception:

persistent acts

A

Disturbances in Perception:

Compulsion

24
Q

Disturbances in Perception:

ideas with intense desire

A

Disturbances in Perception:

Preoccupation

25
Q

Disturbances in Perception:
others know what I am thinking; preoccupation of people; they want to observe
Ex: paparazzi, stalker

A

Disturbances in Perception:

Thought broadcasting

26
Q

Disturbances in Perception:
talk of the town/main character
Ex: newscaster gives secret message through the news

A

Disturbances in Perception:

Delusions of reference

27
Q

Affects:

incongruent (wrong emotions shown)

A

Affects:

Inappropriate

28
Q

Affects:

little response

A

Affects:

Blunted

29
Q

Affects:

display one type of expression

A

Affects:

Restricted

30
Q

Affects:
unpredictable
Ex. masaya biglang nalungkot

A

Affects:

Labile

31
Q

Affects:

absence of emotions (flat affect)

A

Affects:

Apathy

32
Q

Affects:

two opposing feelings (mixed emotions)

A

Affects:

Ambivalence

33
Q

Affects:

absence of pleasure; with emotion

A

Affects:

Anhedonia

34
Q

Affects:

extreme pleasure

A

Affects:

Euphoria

35
Q

Stress:
You have determined that there is stress
Ex: nalaman mong may board exam this Nov.

A

Stress:

Stage 1: Alarm reaction

36
Q

Stress:
You will utilize all of your resources to solve the problem
Ex: mag-aaral ka araw-araw

A

Stress:

Stage 2: Resistance

37
Q

Stress:
You have utilized all resources but he problem is not solved
Ex: Bumagsak ka sa board exam

A

Stress:

Stage 3: Stage of exhaustion

38
Q

Differentiate Anxiety vs. Fear

A

Anxiety (unknown)

Fear (known)

39
Q

Levels of Anxiety:

good anxiety; logical thinking, increase concentration, increase alertness; problem-solving approach

A

Levels of Anxiety:

Mild

40
Q

Levels of Anxiety:
decrease attention span, selective in attentiveness

Management:

  • relaxation techniques: deep breathing exercise
  • encourage ambulation
  • give medications: anxiolytics (to prevent anxiety) as early as moderate
A

Levels of Anxiety:

Moderate

41
Q

Levels of Anxiety:
loud and rapid speech, difficulty of focusing even with assistance; distorted perception (don’t know what to do/say)

Management:
- remain with the patient (physically present)

A

Levels of Anxiety:

Severe

42
Q

Levels of Anxiety:
suicidal attempts, fixed eyes, hysterical/mute

Management:

  • decrease stimuli
  • stay with the client
  • paper bag (to alleviate hyperventilation)
A

Levels of Anxiety:

Panic

43
Q

Neurotransmitters:

excitatory

A

Neurotransmitters:

Dopamine/Epinephrine/Norepinephrine

44
Q

Neurotransmitters:
- inhibitory by nature
could also be excitatory

A

Neurotransmitters:

Serotonin

45
Q

Neurotransmitters:

balancer

A

Neurotransmitters:

GABA - gamma amino butyric acid

46
Q

Serotonin:
exchange of neurotransmitters
if inside the cells = inhibitory
if outside the cells = excitatory

A

synapse

47
Q 
Anxiety Related Disorders:
- worry worm; pacing
- no apparent reason
- 6 months 
- no phobias, no panic attacks, no OC manifestations
if (+) = considered as disorders

Signs and Symptoms:
- palpitations (tachycardia, headache, insomia, chest pain

Management:
- assist in problem solving, teach coping behaviors, DOC: Benzodiazepines/Anxiolytics/Anti-anxiety agents: “pam-lam”

A

Anxiety Related Disorders:

Generalized Related Disorder

48
Q

Anxiety Related Disorders:
- recurrent
- unpredictable
- panic attacks: heightened manifestations of anxiety
trembling, racing heart (tachycardia), chest pain, DOB, choking sensation

Management:
- assist in problem solving, teach coping behaviors, DOC: Benzodiazepines
*if with addiction to Benzodiazepine 
= Antihistamines
1. Primary effect: antiallergic reactions
2. Secondary effect: depressant
Other meds:
Betablockers: block SNS "olol"
MAOI's (monoamine oxidase inhibitor)
SSRI's
A

Anxiety Related Disorders:

Panic Disorder

49
Q

Anxiety Related Disorders:
- S/Sx are 2 days to 4 weeks (1 month)

Management:
- progressive review of the trauma (Acceptance), DOC: Benzodiazepines

A

Anxiety Related Disorders:

Acute Stress Disorder

50
Q 
Anxiety Related Disorders:
- S/Sx more than 4 weeks (> 1 month)
- recurrent FLASHBACKS (intrusive thoughts)
- re-experiencing of the trauma
- defense mechanism: Displacement
S/Sx: general numbing to somatic (bodily) Sx
a. Irritability
b. Aggressiveness
c. Depression -- suicidal
d. Anger
e. Social withdrawal
Management: assist in gaining control over angry impulses (Acceptance); DOC: Benzodiazepines; Other meds: Beta blockers, antihistamines
A

Anxiety Related Disorders:

Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

51
Q

Anxiety Related Disorders:
- persistent irrational fear
- fear is unreasonable proportion to the actual danger
Management:
- systemic desensitization (gradual exposure to the fear object); by level
Ex: pinakita ang water – to wisik and so on.. to Pacific Ocean
“therapy of choice for phobia disorder”
Counterpart: Flooding (sudden exposure) - not anymore practiced
Ex: fear of water then exposed to pool
- breathing exercises
- throught stopping; rubberband: diversional
guided imagery: conditioning (pinapakita)

A

Anxiety Related Disorders:

Phobic Disorder

52
Q 
Anxiety Related Disorders: Phobic Disorder
3 main types:
1. fear of open public "takot gumora"
- stay at home, stay near exits
2. fear of socializing
3. specific types (hydro, aero)
A

Anxiety Related Disorders: Phobic Disorder

  1. Agora Phobia
  2. Social Phobia
  3. Simple Phobia
53
Q

Anxiety Related Disorders:

  • obsessions: persistent thoughts
  • compulsions: persistent actions

OCD:
- anxiety disorder, awareness, real obsessions and compulsions

OCPD:
- personality disorder, not aware, no real obsessions/compulsions, perfectionist, rigid, moralistic
Management:
- Aversion therapy: pain/punishment
DOC: SSRI (balances neurotransmitters)
- give time for ritualistic behaviors unless dangerous
- establish limits
- diversional activities
- SLRC: set limits, reality, consistency
A

Anxiety Related Disorders:

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Psychiatric Nursing (2 decks)

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