Regenerating places Flashcards
(44 cards)
Describe the inequalities in pay across the UK.
Managers, directors and senior officials earn 129% more than the lowest income careers such as carers and other service occupations.
What is quality of life?
The level of social and economic well-being experienced by individuals or communities measured by various indicators.
What is the index of multiple deprivation?
the official measure of relative deprivation for small areas in England. it rates every area in England from 1 (most deprived) to 32,844 (least deprived)
What are the seven domains of deprivation?
Income, Employment, Barriers to housing, Education, Crime, Health and Living environment.
What is a successful place?
Successful places tend to be seen as more desirable places to live, with abundant economic and social opportunities. They also tend to be self sustaining as more people and investment are drawn to these opportunities.
Negative consequences of a successful place.
People migrate to the area which can lead to higher property prices, increased pollution, and skills shortages in other areas.
Why is Berkshire successful?
Accessible due to M4 motorway, close to Heathrow airport, high employment rates.
How many workers were recruited from outside the EU to Berkshire in 2011
Between 7-11 thousand.
What are unsuccessful places?
Places that have often experienced deindustrialisation, leading to unemployment which triggers a downward spiral of decline.
Why did Detroit deindustrialise?
Due to increasing competition from manufacturers abroad, and outsourcing/offshoring, which caused the American car factories to shut down.
2008 financial crisis may also have played a part
What impacts did this have on the city?
detroit
40% of people in poverty
south Detroit has the highest murder rates in the country.
How does Totnes support the local community?
Community open garden
Local currency
community meals
local drivers and car sharing.
Factors affecting levels of engagement in a community
Age - old people have more time to vote
length of residence- may feel more attached to the community and have stronger opinions.
gender - women taking care of children and taking them to events.
ethnicity - people from other areas not interested in local culture
income - poorer people less educated on the need to vote
What are the London riots in 2011 an example of?
Conflict that can occur when people have had a negative lived experience in an area.
What were the causes of the London riots?
Police arresting people without reason
racism
stop and search
government cutbacks and increased uni fees
urban deprivation
What were the impacts of the London riots?
4,000 people arrested
5,122 crimes reported
3,800 shops damaged
5 people died
Define regeneration
The upgrading of existing areas, often taking place to reduce deprivation.
What has the national government done in order to regenerate areas in the UK? (6)
- Council housing policies
- Permission for fracking
- Encouraging international migration
- Deregulation of capital markets
- Infrastructure investment (airport)
- High speed rail (HS2)
When was the housing act under Margaret Thatcher and what did it do? (conservatives)
In 1980 the housing act gave 5 million council house tenants in England and Wales the right to buy their house from their local authority.
One pro and one con of the housing act 1980
pro: reduced poverty as people could buy their own houses and so did not have to pay rent.
con: minorities or people who cannot afford to buy their house may be excluded.
How does fracking help regeneration?
Creates more jobs for people in that area
New economic opportunities
One pro and one con of fracking
pro: the UK could rely less on foreign oil (Russia)
con: destroys environment and contributes to climate change
2 pros and 2 cons of migration for regeneration.
Pros: - job vacancies filled
- new innovation and ideas
Cons: - lack of housing
- displacement of jobs
What is deregulation of capital markets?
removing laws and regulations for new businesses which increases competition in the market.
