Regents Flashcards
Stem and Leaf Cuttings Asexual reproduction involves creating offspring without the fusion of gametes, resulting in genetically identical offspring to the parent. This method is a simple form of cloning, allowing for rapid propagation of plants. It is generally faster than growing plants from seeds, making it a preferred method for horticulturists. Types of Reproduction Asexual Reproduction: Involves one parent and results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual Repr (21 cards)
What is asexual reproduction?
Creating offspring without the fusion of gametes, resulting in genetically identical offspring to the parent.
How does asexual reproduction benefit horticulturists?
It allows for rapid propagation of plants and is generally faster than growing plants from seeds.
What is sexual reproduction?
Involves two parents and results in offspring that show genetic variation due to the combination of parental genes.
Define passive transport.
Movement of molecules across cell membranes without the use of energy, from high concentration to low concentration.
Give an example of passive transport.
Diffusion or osmosis.
What is active transport?
Requires energy (ATP) to move molecules against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration.
How do molecular size and membrane permeability relate?
Smaller molecules pass through membranes more easily than larger molecules.
What do food chains illustrate?
The flow of energy from producers to consumers.
What are biological controls?
Environmentally friendly pest management alternatives, such as using ladybugs to manage aphid populations.
What is ecological succession?
The process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.
What are pioneer organisms?
First species to colonize previously disrupted or damaged ecosystems, such as mosses.
What can disrupt ecosystems?
Pollution, habitat destruction, and introduction of foreign species.
What is the function of red blood cells?
Carry oxygen throughout the body.
How do white blood cells function?
They play a crucial role in the immune system by fighting pathogens.
What are platelets?
Cell fragments essential for blood clotting.
What is recombinant DNA technology?
Allows for the production of human insulin, showcasing genetic engineering in medicine.
What technique is used to separate DNA fragments for analysis?
Gel electrophoresis.
What is fertilization?
The union of sperm and egg, which can occur externally or internally.
What is in vitro fertilization?
A technique where sperm and egg unite outside the body, providing solutions for infertility.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Occurs without oxygen, producing 2 ATP in the cytoplasm from glucose.
What is aerobic respiration?
Requires oxygen and occurs in the mitochondria, yielding 36 ATP from glucose.
