Regulation of blood glucose

Question 1

what is the modulator for high/low blood glucose

Answer 1

islets of langerhans, aplha and beta cells secrete insulin and glucagon

Question 2

what is the receptor for blood glucose

Answer 2

islets of langerhans, aplha and beta cells

Question 3

what is the effector for high blood glucose

Answer 3

insulin which travels in the bloodstream to muscle, fat and skeletal cells and liver cells where it binds to insulin receptors on the cell surface membrane

Question 4

what is the effect of insulin binding to the cell membrane

Answer 4

increases the permeability of the membrane to glucose so more glucose is moved from the bloodstream into cells and stimulates the conversion of glucose into glycogen and to increase the rate of respiration

Question 5

what is glycogen

Answer 5

glycogen is produced by the process known as glycogenesis the joins glucose absorbed by skeletal muscles and liver cells together into glycogen. it is a long series of glucose molecules joined together

Question 6

what is the purpose of glycogen

Answer 6

it is a way for glucose to be stored for long periods of time in cells and if u dont eat or exercise for a long time it can be broken down by glycogenolysis back into glucose where it reenters the cells to provide energy

Question 7

what is the effector of low blood sugar

Answer 7

when gllucagon travels into the bloodstream to liver cells where it binds to glucagon receptors on the cell surface membrane

Question 7

what is the regular blood glucose amount

Answer 7

5 mmol/L

Question 8

what happens once glucagon binds to cell membrane/ the response

Answer 8

glucagon stimulates the breakdown of glycogen into glucose (glycogenolysis) and decreases the rate of repiration, it also triggers the production of glucose from non-carbohydrates such as lipids and amino acids