Regulation of Gene Expression

Question 1

Most eukaryotic genes are controlled by …-acting sequences within promoters

Answer 1

Cis-acting (recognised by transcription factors)

Question 2

Transcription factors interact with bases in which groove of the DNA helix?

Answer 2

Major groove

Question 3

What does the Hox gene do?

Answer 3

Controls TFs which control brain and limb development

Question 4

What do Pax TFs do?

Answer 4

Control neural crest cell migration to the ear, eyes etc.

Question 5

What is p53?

Answer 5

. Transcription factor, guardian of the genome

. Activates genes involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and DNA repair

Question 6

What is Myc?

Answer 6

. Transcription factor
. Promotes entry into cell cycle and growth
. Often amplified in cancer

Question 7

Which element is involved in maintaining mRNA stability?

Answer 7

Iron, maintains mRNA stability via transferrin

Question 8

What is the effect of miRNAs?

Answer 8

miRNA –> RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) –> destruction, silencing, decreased transcription of target mRNA

Question 9

What does PPAR do?

Answer 9

Regulates adipogenesis and inflammatory signalling