Regulatory Diseases and USDA Accreditation Flashcards
What is the role of the gov’t concerning regulatory animal diseases?
The Government monitors cases of animal diseases
What is the role of practicing veterinarians concerning regulatory animal diseases?
- To provide surveillance
- To contribute to control efforts
How are diseases chosen to be “regulatory” diseases?
They either:
- Have an adverse impact on agriculture, or
- Pose a human health risk
What are the different layers of regulations?
- International: OIE
- Federal: USDA
- State Governments
What is the role of the OIE regarding regulatory diseases?
- Maintains a list of internationally notifiable animal diseases
- Member countries must report an outbreak of a notifiable disease within 24 hours
- Maintains WAHID - database of diseases and events
What is the role of the USDA in cases of foreign diseases?
- Designates the list of OIE-reportable diseases that are not found in the USA as notifiable (there are 48 animal diseases listed)
- Regulates all animal imports and exports
- Has veterinarians for every state
What is the role of the USDA in cases of enzootic diseases?
- Manage nationwide control programs for selected enzootic diseases
- Inspects agricultural products and meat for foodborne diseases (both domestic and imported)
What is the role of the state government regarding regulatory diseases?
- Each state has its own list of notifiable diseases of animals (generally includes OIE list + other diseases of local veterinary or public health interest)
- Varies by state; know the laws where you practice
- Report directly to your state veterinarian
What is the role of clinical veterinarians regarding regulatory diseases?
- Provide vaccination and testing for regulatory diseases
- Perform exams and complete health certificates for animal movement
How do the State and USDA Veterinarians work together?
- Monitor movement of animals between states and between countries
- Manage animal disease programs
- Investigate possible cases of reportable diseases
- Investigate animal cruelty cases
- Provide guidance to veterinarians on paperwork for import, export, testing, etc
How is a suspected FAD handled?
- Response: a veterinarian with additional training (FADD) will immediately be dispatched
- Lab testing: USDA lab is the only one that can officially diagnose an FAD. Neg results in a state lab, response ends. Pos results in a state lab must be confirmed by USDA lab, if neg in USDA lab, response ends.
What are the control measures taken in response to a FAD?
- Quarantine zones (animals and humans?)
- Import/export restrictions
- Testing animals for exposure
- Biosecurity for farms
- Mass culling of susceptible animals in given radius
- Ring vaccination or treatments
How do veterinarians respond to emergency outbreaks?
USDA and State veterinarians will respond!
Clinical veterinarians can volunteer through: NAHERC, VMAT, NVRT, state or non-profit animal health response teams or adjunct to local “first responders”
True or False? In 2007 veterinarians reported 383 possible cases of FADs to the USDA, and only 3 were actually FADs.
TRUE
- White spot syndrome in fish in Hawaii
- Old world screwworm in a dog from Hong Kong
- New world screwworm in a dog from Trinidad
What are the reasons for becoming USDA accredited?
- The role of practicing veterinarians in animal disease control requires vets to know: Signs of FADs and of other reportable diseases, Procedure for vaccinating and testing animals for regulated diseases, How to fill out legal forms and Who, how and when to report diseases.
- Only accredited vets can perform Health Certificate Exams
- Only accredited vets can perform TB testing, Brucellosis testing and Rabies vaccinations
