Rehabilitation

Question 1

What are the 2 phases of Gait?

Answer 1

Stance phase comprises 60% of the gait cycle; swing phase comprises 40% of the gait cycle.

Question 2

What % of stance is double limb support?

Answer 2

12%

Question 3

The body’s center of gravity (COG) while being propelled forward is also subject
to ……..cm vertical and ………cm lateral displacements.

Answer 3

5cm

6cm

Question 4

Antalgic gait results in…

Answer 4

decreased stance phase

Question 5

The required increase in energy expenditure for ambulation in bilateral transtibial amputation ?

Answer 5

41%

Question 6

unilateral transfemoral amputation energy needed?

Answer 6

65%

Question 7

the factor most predictive of successful wound healing after amputation?

Answer 7

Transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen [TcPO2 ]

Question 8

what is the most important laboratory value for healing after amputation?

Answer 8

Albumin

Question 9

How do u avoid overgrowth in paediatric amputations?

Answer 9

stump capping or disarticulations

Question 10

What should be performed with transmetatarsal and Lisfranc amputations to prevent late
development of equinus or equinovarus deformity.

Answer 10

Percutaneous Achilles tendon lengthening

Question 11

In Lisfranc amputations, the soft tissue at the fifth metatarsal base should be preserved… Why?

Answer 11

because this represents the insertion site of peroneus brevis and tertius, which act as antagonists to the posterior tibial tendon. Failure to preserve these tissues results in
inversion during gait

Question 12

What is special about a Symes amputation?

Answer 12

more energy efficient than a midfoot amputation, despite the fact that it is at a more proximal level.

Question 13

what parameter is necessary for a symes amputation?

Answer 13

The posterior tibial artery must be patent to ensure healing. The heel pad must be secured

Question 14

Optimal bone length for BKA?

Answer 14

12cm

Question 15

what type of amputation did the LEAP study show to have the slowest walking speed and lowest satisfaction?

Answer 15

Knee disarticulation

Question 16

Optimal bone length for AKA?

Answer 16

12CM

Question 17

In transfemoral amputation, ………………… is crucial for maintaining femoral adduction during gait with a prosthesis.

Answer 17

adductor myodesis

Question 18

Transecting the adductor magnus results in a loss of …..% of the adductor pull.

Answer 18

70%

Question 19

Define what is a prosthesis?

Answer 19

a device or artificial substitute designed to replace, as much as possible, the function or appearance of a missing limb or body part. Prosthetics is defined as the specialty relating to prostheses and their use.

Question 20

……………commonly used for midlength transradial amputation

Answer 20

Myoelectric prostheses

Question 21

type of prosthesis for heavy labour?

Answer 21

Body-powered prostheses are used for heavy labor. The terminal device is activated by shoulder flexion and abduction.

Question 22

Short forearm amputations, elbow disarticulations, and above-elbow amputations necessitate what kind of suspension?

Answer 22

supracondylar suspension

Question 23

what kind of foot is good for uneven terrain?

Answer 23

articulated feet

Question 24

type of feet for high demand activities?

Answer 24

non articulated long keel feet

Question 25

how does knee centre of rotation affect the knee in gait?

Answer 25

Knee center of rotation posterior to line of weight bearing promotes control in stance phase, but flexion is difficult. • Knee center of rotation anterior to weight bearing makes flexion easier, but control is poor.

Question 26

type of knee most ambulatory patients with transfemoral amputations?

Answer 26

Microprocessor knees with polycentric (four-bar linkage) configuration

Question 27

type of knee for older patients?

Answer 27

Stance-phase control (safety) knee prostheses

Question 28

most common prosthetic knee in children.

Answer 28

The constant-friction knee

Question 29

The preferred method of suspension for transtibial prosthetic

Answer 29

prosthetic sleeves is the gel liner with locking pin

Question 30

Problems are common in prosthetics. Foot placement too anterior results in?

Answer 30

increased knee extension and patellar pain.

Question 31

Too soft a heel results in?

Answer 31

excessive knee extension

Question 32

too hard a heel causes?

Answer 32

knee flexion and lateral rotation of the toes.

Question 33

Define an Orthosis?

Answer 33

“a device that is externally applied or attached to a body segment and that facilitates or improves function by supporting, correcting or compensating for skeletal deformity or weakness

Question 34

an arthritic or stiff midfoot during midstance as the foot changes from accepting the weight-bearing load to pushing off.. what type of orthosis should be recommended?

Answer 34

A rocker sole

Question 35

foot drop?

Answer 35

A posterior leaf spring AFO

Question 36

Surgical intervention in adult-acquired spasticity should be delayed until

Answer 36

patient achieves maximal spontaneous motor recovery (6 months for stroke and 12 to 18 months for traumatic brain injury

Question 37

Equinus deformity is treated by?

Answer 37

percutaneous Achilles tendon lengthening.

Question 38

Dynamic varus-producing force in adults is the result of ? and how dou you treat this?

Answer 38

out-of-phase tibialis anterior muscle activity during the stance phase. dynamic varus deformity is corrected by either split (SPATT) or complete lateral transfer of the tibialis anterior muscle

Question 39

what is post polio syndrome?

Answer 39

Postpolio syndrome is not a reactivation of the polio virus. It is an aging phenomenon by which more nerve cells become inactive.

Question 40

symptoms of post poliosyndrome?

Answer 40

progressive muscle and joint weakness and pain, general fatigue and exhaustion with minimal activity, muscle atrophy, breathing or swallowing problems, sleep-related breathing disorders (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea), and decreased tolerance of cold temperatures

Question 41

risk factors for post polio syndrome?

Answer 41

severity of initial polio illness, initial diagnosis as an adolescent or adult, greater recovery from initial illness, and physical activity to the point of exhaustion or fatigue.

Question 42

treatment of post polio syndrome?

Answer 42

limited exercise combined with periods of rest so that muscles are maintained but not overtaxed.