relatii interpersonale: iubirea, menținerea și comiterea Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is the relationship between hormones and love
The hormones released during the female menstrual cycle influence women’s attraction to men
Women become more attracted to men when they are most likely to become pregnant
Women become attracted especially to men with symmetrical and masculine characteristics - they signal health and genetic fitness
HOWEVER
Underpowered studies
What is love
Commitment device - helps avoiding threats to the relationship of people that together care for offspring
What was found about romantic love reminder?
People who were reminded that they have a partner, decreased attention to faces of attractive people of the opposite sex
What is oxytocin?
A hormone important in female reduction.
Its levels increase during nursing to help mothers bond with infants.
How does oxytocin influence social behaviours
Oxytocin influences the development of long-term romantic attachments
What is oxytocin in relation to love?
The experience of romantic love is associated with the release of oxytocin
What is vasopressin?
A nonapeptide synthesised in the hypothalamus
What is the triangular theory of love?
3 components
Commitment - you are in the relationship for keeps
Passion - how much longing you feel
Intimacy - how well you communicate with the person you love, how close you feel, how much you trust each other
Different combinations give you different kinds of love
What is the love if you have commitment alone?
Empty love
What is the love if you have passion alone?
Infatuation
What is the love if you have intimacy alone
Liking, friendship
What if you have commitment + passion?
Fatuous love
What if you have commitment + intimacy?
Companionate love
What if you have passion + intimacy?
Romantic love
What if you have all 3?
Consummate love
What is passionate love?
Passionate love is related to activation of reward related brain regions, arousal and novelty
Functions as positive emotion - evoked in presence of stimulus
Related to sexual drive - but the 2 involve different brain systems
What is the self-expansion model?
Yearning to grow and expand is key motivation in humans - so people enjoy novel, exciting and challenging activities which promote growth
When ppl form romantic relationship, their own sense of self assimilated some of the qualities and characteristics of their partner
What is brain like in the infatuation or passionate love?
Increased activity in Ventral Tegmental Area - reward system, dopamine system, addiction
Decreased activity in prefrontal cortex - brain system related to decision making and critical thought
What is brain like in attachment or compassionate love?
you feel more relaxed and committed
oxytocin and vasopressin - peer bonding hormones that signal trust, social support and attachment
hormones help bond families
oxytocin - inhibit the realest of stress hormones so u may feel relaxed around the person
problems in relationship become more evident
What is the brain like during a break up
distress of break up activates insular cortex - processes pain both physical and social like feelings of rejection
as time goes on higher cortical regions which oversee impulse control can pump the breaks on this distress and craving signalling
What are the 3 brain systems that evolved for mating and reproduction? Fisher
sex drive - hypothalamus stimulated the production of sex hormones testosterone and estrogen
feelings of intense romantic love - hypothalamus produces dopamine that’s released during attraction
attachment - hypothalamus produces oxytocin and vasopressin that’s released during attachment
Why have these 3 brain systems evolved? Fisher
sex drive evolved to go look for partners
romantic love evolved to focus your mating energy on a mate one at a time
attachment evolved to stick to this person to raise a child through infancy
What is the brain like at rejection (Fisher)
activity in brain regions linked with craving and addiction
nucleus accumbus becomes active when you are addicted to cocaine
romantic love when you re rejected is an addiction
What are exchange relationships?
Relationships governed by the need for equity (an equal ratio of rewards and costs)