Relationships (all relationships from the practice exam) Flashcards
1
Q
- The____is a remnant of the fetal _____ , an arterial shunt between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch
A
- ligamentum arteriosum, ductus arteriosus
2
Q
- The middle cardiac vein drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the _____ and the venae cordis minimae drain into the right atrium .
A
- anterior cardiac veins
3
Q
- The paranchyma (glandular tissue) of the mammary gland is located within the _____ (layer) of the anterior chest wall overlying the serratus anterior and ______ muscles.
A
- superficial fascia, pectoralis major
4
Q
- The parietal and visceral layers of the pleura are continuous at the _______ of the lung.
A
- root
5
Q
- At the level of the hilus of the left lung, the descending aorta is positioned _______ to the primary bronchus.
A
- posterior
6
Q
- The left, _______ and ______ lobes of the liver typically receive their primary arterial blood supply from branches of the left hepatic artery.
A
- quadrate, caudate
7
Q
- The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the _______ and _______ , and drains directly into the prostatic urethra.
A
- vas deferens, seminal vesicle
8
Q
- The superior epigastric artery is one of the terminal branches of the ________ artery.
A
- internal thoracic
9
Q
- The ________ lymph nodes are located directly inferior to the carina.
A
- inferior trachiobronchial
10
Q
- The left superior intercostal vein is typically a direct tributary of the ________ .
A
- left brachiocephalic vein
11
Q
- With hemiparalysis of the diaphragm, the involved side ________ during deep inspiration?
A
- ascends
12
Q
- During an abdominal examination, the ________ of the liver is more readily palpated during deep inspiration.
A
- inferior margin
13
Q
- The _______ artery, common bile duct and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the hepatoduodenal ligament.
A
- proper hepatic artery
14
Q
- The ________ (thoracic space) extends from the thoracic inlet to a plane extending from the inferior border of vertebra T4 to the sternal angle.
A
- superior mediastinum
15
Q
- The ________ typically extends into the anterior mediastinum in infants.
A
- thymus
16
Q
- The _______ begins at the cisterna chyli and empties into the venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins.
A
- thoracic duct
17
Q
- The _________ duct traverses the diaphragm by passing through the aortic hiatus.
A
- thoracic
18
Q
- The ________ vein is formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar, right lumbar azygos and right subcostal veins.
A
- azygos
19
Q
- The uterus typically receives its blood supply from branches of the _________ (female inferior vesicle), ovarian and uterine arteries.
A
- vaginal
20
Q
- In its course through the thorax, the _________ is typically constricted anteriorly by the arch of the aorta and the left main bronchus.
A
- esophagus
21
Q
- The cardiac plexus, positioned between the bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta, receives axons from the cardiac and the ________ nerves.
A
- vagus
22
Q
- The posterior interventricular artery is typically a direct branch of the _______.
A
- right coronary artery
23
Q
- The __________ nerve typically traverses the diaphragm by piercing or passing through the crus .
A
- greater splanchnic
24
Q
- In the coronary sulcus, the _________ vein is positioned adjacent to the right coronary artery.
A
- small cardiac vein
25
25. The __________ are irregular columns of muscle in the wall of the right ventricle.
25. trabeculae carnae
26
26. Indirect inguinal hernias are positioned ________ to the inferior epigastric artery.
26. lateral
27
27. The _________ connect the rete testis with the head of the epididymis .
27. efferent ductules
28
28. At the superficial ring the floor of the inguinal canal is formed by the _________ .
28. lacunar ligament
29
29. The cremaster muscle is innervated by a branch of the _________ nerve.
29. genitofemoral
30
30. The lower portion of the esophagus typically receives its blood supply from branches of the _______ artery.
30. left gastric
31
31. The body of the pancreas is positioned _______ to the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity.
31. posterior
32
32. An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the superior rectal vein anastomosis with tributaries of the ________ vein.
32. middle (and inferior) rectal
33
33. A hepatic triad includes a branch of the hepatic artery, bile duct and __________.
33. hepatic portal vein
34
34. In fetal life, the ductus venosus shunts placental blood from the umbilical vein to the .
34. inferior vena cava
35
35. The ventral mesentery includes the falciform, hepatogastric and ________ ligaments.
35. hepatoduodenal
36
36. The left kidney is typically positioned adjacent to the diaphragm, psoas major, ________ and quadratus lumborum muscles.
36. transversus abdominis
37
37. The tail of the __________ is positioned between the layers of the lienorenal ligament (a peritoneal fold).
37. pancreas
38
38. The omental foramen is positioned directly posterior to the _________ vein.
38. hepatic portal
39
39. The lateral umbilical ligament is a peritoneal fold surrounding the _________ .
39. inferior epigastric artery
40
40. The splenic artery is positioned in part between the layers of the ___________ ligament.
40. lienorenal
41
41. The gastroduodenal artery passes ________ to the duodenum prior to branching into the right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.
41. posterior
42
42. The peripheral aspect of the _________ overlying the superior surface of the diaphragm receives its sensory innervation from the intercostal nerves.
42. pleura
43
43. The glans of the penis receives its sensory innervation from the dorsal nerve of the penis, one of the terminal branches of the __________ nerve.
43. pudendal
44
44. The __________ segments of the duodenum are all retroperitoneal structures.
44. 2nd - 4th
45
45. The inferior vena cava is positioned _________ to the duodenum.
45. posterior
46
46. The convex surface of the spleen is in contact with the peritoneum covering the inferior surface of the _______ .
46. diaphragm
47
47. The sigmoid arteries are typically branches of the _______ .
47. inferior mesenteric artery
48
48. The bulbospongiosus muscle and the ________ sphinchter both attach in part to the perineal body.
48. external anal
49
49. The lymphatics of the posterior abdominal wall typically drain directly into the ______ lymph nodes.
49. retroaortic
50
50. The tips of the renal papillae drain urine into the _______ of the kidneys.
50. minor calyces
51
51. The left testicular vein is typically a direct branch of the _____ .
51. left renal vein
52
52. The left ureter typically passes directly ______ (position) to the common iliac vein.
52. anterior
53
53.The _______ forms the inferior border of the deep space or urogenital diaphragm.
53. perineal membrane
54
54. The left inferior suprarenal artery is typically a direct branch of the ________ .
54. left renal artery
55
55. The crura of the penis are attached to the ________ of the bony pelvis.
55. ischiopubic ramus
56
56. The lymphatics of the testes drain directly into the __________ nodes.
56. lateral aortic
57
57. The external anal sphinchter is innervated in part by the __________ nerve, a branch of the pudendal nerve.
57. inferior rectal
58
58. The _______ , cremasteric and deferent arteries are all located in part within the spermatic cord.
58. testicular
59
59. The anterior recess of the _____ is positioned between the urogenital and pelvic diaphragms.
59. ischiorectal fossa
60
60. The rectouterine pouch is positioned directly _______ to the posterior fornix of the vagina.
60. posterior
61
61. Adjacent to the cervix, the uterine artery typically anastomses with branches of the ___________ artery.
61. vaginal
62
62. The _______ fascia is continuous with the fascia of the external oblique muscle.
62. external spermatic
63
63. The ______ orifice and the orifices of the ureters are positioned at the angles of the trigone of the bladder.
63. internal urethral
64
64. In the female, the superficial transverse perineus muscle extends from the ischial tuberosity to the _______.
64. perineal body (central tendon)
65
65. During an episiotomy it may be necessary to block multiple nerves because the female perineum receives its sensory innervation from branches of the genitofemoral, ilioinguinal, ______ and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves.
65. pudendal
66
66. The levator ani muscle attaches in part to the tendinous arch, a thickening of the fascia of the _______ muscle.
66. obturator internus
67
67. The sphincter urethrae and ______ muscles are both positioned in the deep perineal space.
67. deep transverse perineus
68
1. The descending (thoracic) aorta passes _______ to the left main bronchus.
1. posterior
69
2. The descending (thoracic) aorta is typically positioned to the thoracic vertebral bodies.
2. lateral
70
3. The internal thoracic artery and vein are positioned ________ to the first six costal cartilages.
3. deep (posterior)
71
4. The right posterior intercostal arteries pass ________ to the vertebral bodies.
4. anterior
72
5. At the hilum of the left lung, the pulmonary artery is positioned _______ to the primary bronchus.
5. superior
73
6. At the hilum of the right lung, the pulmonary arteries are positioned _______ to the primary bronchus.
6. anterior
74
7. The left phrenic nerve passes _______ to the root of the lung.
7. anterior
75
8. The left phrenic nerve is positioned _________ to the pericardial sac.
8. lateral
76
9. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve passes directly ______ to the arch of the aorta.
9. inferior
77
10. The left vagus nerve passes directly _________ to the arch of the aorta.
10. lateral
78
11. The left vagus nerve passes _________ to the left main bronchus.
11. posterior
79
12. The right phrenic nerve is positioned ________ to the superior vena cava.
12. lateral
80
13. The right vagus nerve passes _______ to the right main bronchus.
13. posterior
81
14. The azygos vein passes _________ to the right main bronchus.
14. superior
82
15. At the hilum of the left lung, the pulmonary veins are positioned anterior and ________ to the main bronchus.
15. inferior
83
16. At the hilum of the right lung, the pulmonary veins are positioned anterior and _______ to the main bronchus.
16. inferior
84
17. The superior vena cava is positioned ________ to the ascending aorta.
17. lateral
85
18. The esophagus is positioned __________ to the trachea.
18. posterior
86
19. The esophagus passes _________ to the left main bronchus.
19. posterior
87
20. The thoracic duct is positioned ________ to the thoracic vertebral bodies.
20. anterior
88
21. The gastroduodenal artery passes to the first segment of the duodenum.
21. posterior
89
22. The hepatic artery proper, hepatic portal vein and common bile duct pass ________ to the epiploic foramen.
22. anterior
90
23. The splenic artery passes _________ to the fundus of the stomach.
23. posterior
91
24. The splenic artery and vein are typically positioned posterior and _________ to the body and tail of the pancreas.
24. superior
92
25. The superior mesenteric artery and vein are positioned _________ to the body of the pancreas.
25. posterior
93
26. The superior mesenteric artery passes directly __________ to the left renal vein.
26. anterior
94
27. The right renal artery passes directly _________ to the inferior vena cava.
27. posterior
95
28. The right testicular artery passes directly ________ to the inferior vena cava.
28. anterior
96
29. The right testicular artery and vein pass directly _________ to the right ureter.
29. anterior
97
30. The inferior vena cava is positioned ________ to the caudate lobe of the liver.
30. lateral
98
31. The splenic vein passes _________ to the stomach.
31. posterior
99
32. The left renal vein passes directly _________ to the abdominal aorta.
32. anterior
100
33. The left renal vein passes directly _________ to the superior mesenteric artery.
33. posterior
