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Ethics 41 > Religion > Flashcards

Religion Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Who founded Islam?

A

Mohammed

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2
Q

Where was Mohammed born?

A

Meca

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3
Q

Who raised Mohammed?

A

1) Grandfather till death

2) Uncle

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4
Q

How much older was Mohammed’s wife?

A

15 years older

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5
Q

How was Mohammed, Islam, and its followers initially received?

A

Criticism and persecution

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6
Q

Where did Mohammed flee to? For how long?

A

Medina, 10 years

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7
Q

What law guides Muslims?

A

Shar’ia

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8
Q

How is the Quran organized?

A

Length, NOT chronology

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9
Q

How many people in the world are Muslim?

A

24%, 1.8B followers

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10
Q

What does Islam mean in Arabic?

A

Submission, peace

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11
Q

What is Salat?

A

5-time daily ritual prayer

  • Fajr
  • Zuhr
  • ‘Asr
  • Maghrib
  • Isha
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12
Q

What is Zakat?

A

Generosity, 2.5% of wealth donated to poor

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13
Q

What two sects of Islam are there?

A

Sunnis (90%)

Shites

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14
Q

What is sufism? Prefix suf- meaning?

A

Mystical sect of Islam, wool

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15
Q

Names of Mohammed’s daughter and son in law?

A

Fatima, Ali

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16
Q

What does Fatima represent?

A

Islamic ideals of womanhood

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17
Q

What first word does a muslim father say to his son?

A

Allah

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18
Q

What is the worst thing a muslim can do?

A

Divorce

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19
Q

Who founded Buddhism?

A

Siddhartha Gautama

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20
Q

How many Buddhist followers are there?

A

10%, 535M

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21
Q

When was Buddhism founded?

A

Sixth century BCE

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22
Q

What is Buddhism’s ultimate goal?

A

Reincarnation, rebirth

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23
Q

How is Buddha described?

A

Enlightened one, one who has awakened

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24
Q

What is Nirvana?

A

State of liberation and freedom from suffering

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25
At what age did Gautama give up his princely life?
29
26
How many years did Gautama spend spreading Buddhism?
45 years
27
What was done with Buddha's remains?
Cremated, stored in a stuppa (bell shaped monument)
28
What are the 3 Buddhist trainings?
Sila, Samadhi, Prajna
29
Describe the Noble Truths?
4, explore human suffering - Dukkha - Samudaya - Nirodha - Magga
30
What are the 5 precepts?
Do not kill, steal, lie, misuse sex, or consume drugs/alc
31
What is meditation?
Acheiving a higher level of consciousness
32
When did Buddha reach enlightenment?
32
33
How are Buddha's main teachings structured?
Tripitaka (3 baskets)
34
2 types of Buddhism?
Theravada (way of elders) | Mahayana (large vehicle)
35
Where do Buddhists worship?
Temple
36
How many Christians are there in the world?
33%, 2B followers
37
Describe the Apostles' Creed?
Statement of belief talking about God, Jesus, Holy Spirit, and Church
38
Who was the first couple on Earth? Who seduced them and created sin?
Adam and Eve, Satan
39
What is afterlife known to for Christians?
Kingdom of Heaven
40
What does Christianity focus on?
Teachings and life of Jesus
41
How many North American Christian denominations are there?
1000+
42
Who can go to Heaven?
Baptized
43
When did Jesus rise from the dead?
3rd day after being burried
44
How many Holy Sacraments are there?
7
45
What is between Heaven and Hell?
Purgatory
46
What are the roots of Hinduism?
Indus Valley civilization, Indo-Aryan culture
47
When did Hinduism start?
1500BC
48
What is the most sacred literature of Hinduism? How is it divided?
Vedas (eternal truths of religion, supreme authority of Hinduism): Sruti, Smriti
49
How many Hindus are there in the world? How many in India alone?
800mil, 1.1b, 79.8%
50
How is modern Hinduism being influenced?
Increasing contact with Vedic religion
51
What beliefs are Hinduism centered?
Dharma (uphold physical world and society as a whole) | Moksa (ultimate release from the world)
52
What is karma in hinduism?
Moral law of cause and effect (every action has a consequence)
53
2 examples of Hindu self-help practice
Meditation, yoga
54
What is Hinduism self help for?
Liberation through intense relationship between guru and disciple
55
Where do Hindus worship and gather as a community?
Temple
56
Who is considered the patriarch of many nations (religions)? Which nations?
Abraham; Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Baha'i faith
57
Who led his people out of captivity?
Moses
58
Who made Jerusalem a religious/political centre
2nd king, David
59
Who built the first Jewish temple? Who destroyed it and when?
Solomon, Babylonians in 586BC
60
What are non-Jews called?
Gentiles
61
How many Jews were killed by Hitler, attempting to acheive "racial purity"?
6+ million
62
What is the Zionist movement?
Create Jewish homeland in Israel, formed on may 18 1948
63
How many Jews are there?
15mil followers
64
What is the holy Jewish text?
Torrah
65
What is the talmud?
Text containing stories, laws, medical knowledge, etc
66
The first 5 books of the Torrah were revealed to who by God?
Moses
67
How many Jewish commandments are there?
613
68
When do girls and boys celebrate the mitzahs?
Bar: 13 (boys) Bat: 12 (girls)
69
What is a minyan in Judaism?
Group of men performing religious services
70
What is the Jewish day of rest?
Shabbat
71
Where do Jews worship?
Synagogue
72
What is Passover/Pesach?
Recall Jews' freedom from Egyptian slavery
73
What is eaten at Pesach?
Seder (6 foods)
74
What is Rosh Hashanah?
Jewish New Year, anniversary of completion of creation
75
What is the Feast of Lights?
Hannukah
76
What is a rabbi?
Male teacher of Jewish law and tradition
77
When did conservative Judaism being?
1854
78
What group of Jews regard mankind as measure of all things?
Humanistic
79
What is the oldest form of Judaism?
Yahwism (conservative)
80
What is Reconstructionist Judaism?
Attempt to evolve and save religion

Ethics 41 (5 decks)

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