Religion Flashcards
(16 cards)
Clarendon Code
1660-1667
- Intolerance to dissent
- Devoted Anglican
Corporation Act
1661
- First Act of Clarendon Code
- required all municipal officers to swear allegiance to CoE
- Suppression of dissent
- Reinforced Anglican monopoly on Civic Office
- Result of Venner’s rising 1661 earlier that year
Act of Uniformity
1662
- Mandated use of Book of Common Prayer in all CoE
- Made all clergy and teachers renounce Solemn League and Covenant and right to resistance
- Great Ejection: over 1,000 ministers expelled; counter-productive rise of nonconformism
Quaker Act
1662
- Made meetings of 5 or more Quakers illegal
- Quakers refused to accept hierarchy- especially dangerous
Declaration of Indulgence (first)
1662
- Allowed Charles to exempt certain individuals from Act of Uniformity
- Clarendon persuaded Charles to remove it after Yorkshire rising 1663
Yorkshire dissenting rising
1663
- Former republicans, Cromwellians, Baptists, Quakers, etc
- Led to Conventicle Act
Conventicle Act
1664 and 1670
- Prohibits religious gatherings outside Church of England
- Charles allowed it to expire in 1668 without renewing it
- Criticism led to harsher renewal in 1670; Parliament refused him money in 1669
> Penalties on officials who did not report Dissenting activities
> Parliament voted him a heavy subsidy in return, demonstrating financial power leading to control
Declaration of Indulgence and Act Assertory Scotland
- 1669
- Charles allowed Presbyterian ministers to take up vacant livings
- Act Assertory affirmed King’s supremacy over Scottish Church
- Repealed with Clanking act 1670 due to Parliamentary complaints
Clanking Act
- 1670
- Repealed Declaration of Indulgence in Scotland 1669
- Prohibited unlicensed preachers from addressing conventicles, imposed death penalties
Letter of Indulgence
- 1672
- Suspended laws against Catholics and Protestant dissenters
- Forced to remove it in 1673; Test Act enforced
> Parliament’s persistency forced Charles to abandon his own views
Test Act
1673
- Required all public officials to publicly take Anglican communion
- Oath denying transubstantiation
> Forced many Catholics out of office (Including Clifford and Duke of York James II)
> Led to widespread paranoia about succession of papist to English throne; rising when James remarried a Catholic princess, Mary of Modena
Test Bill
- 1675
- Thanks to Danby’s influence
- Required all office-holders and MPs to swear not to alter the government of Church or state (guaranteeing Anglican monopoly)
- Failed- opponents like Arlington claimed clauses like not taking up arms “on any pretence” was unlawful
William royal match
-1677
- Dutch alliance made by Danby
- Extremely popular- boosted Crown popularity
+ Key in Exclusion crisis
POPISH PLOT
1678
- Catholic conspiracy of a Jesuit plot to kill Charles and replace him with James
- Oates fabricates the plot, passing it onto Tongue
- Oates takes story to Privy Council; Danby investigates
- Despite being false- Edward Colman is a correct name
King Reaction to PP
- Initially sceptical, only 2% of population Catholic
- Due to climate he had to act
> Ordinary Catholics were denounced by neighbours; recusancy fines enforced, +1200 prosecutions of Catholics 1679
Parliament reaction to PP
- Easy to convince due to climate of hostility
- Issue declaration condemning plot October 1678
- Set up committees to hear witness reports
> 4 men executed; 5 peers impeached - Attempt to impeach Danby; alleged he conducted secret negotiations with France to keep Parliament prorogued (Forced by Charles)
- Charles dissolves Cavalier Parliament in January 1679
- Oates called out as a liar
