Religion AI Test Flashcards
(27 cards)
What does Richard Rorty argue about the role of religion in public policy?
Religion should stay in the private sphere and not be used as a basis for public policy or debate.
How does Rorty believe religion affects productive discussion?
Religion halts productive discussion when beliefs are justified with ‘God commands it.’
What is Rorty’s stance on religious privilege in public discourse? BAD
Religious perspectives shouldn’t be treated as beyond criticism.
How does Rorty define democracy in relation to beliefs?
Democracy puts all beliefs on equal footing—religious or secular.
In a scientific society, how do religious claims function according to Rorty?
Religious assertions function more like poetry than factual claims.
What is the definition of God according to Benedikt Paul Gocke?
God must be ‘worthy of worship’ and answer fundamental questions about existence.
What are the different concepts of God as outlined by Gocke?
- Theism: God is omnipotent, omniscient, and separate from the world.
- Pantheism: God and the universe are identical.
- Panentheism: God is both in and beyond the universe.
- Theistic emergentism: God evolves alongside the world.
What arguments justify a concept of God according to Gocke?
- Metaphysics
- Religious experience
- Science
- Moral considerations
What is the connection between Gocke and Rorty’s views on religion?
Gocke presents religion from a reason-based perspective, aligning with Rorty’s idea that religious beliefs must be framed for engagement.
What is the Problem of Evil as an argument against God’s existence?
The existence of evil challenges belief in an all-good God.
How does the Kalam Cosmological Argument frame the existence of God?
Everything that begins to exist must have a cause—God is posited as the uncaused cause.
What does Martin Luther state about the First Commandment?
The First Commandment is foundational; all other sins stem from breaking it.
What does William Clifford argue about beliefs?
Beliefs must always be tested; inquiry is a duty.
How does Clifford’s view on belief contrast with Rorty’s?
Clifford insists on constant scrutiny of beliefs, while Rorty argues they only need testing in public discourse.
What key concept does William James introduce regarding belief?
Truth is tied to the practical consequences of belief.
What are the classifications of hypotheses according to William James?
- Live vs. dead: Whether the belief is a real possibility for the person.
- Forced vs. avoidable: Some beliefs require an immediate choice.
- Momentous vs. trivial: Some beliefs have life-changing consequences.
What does Rudolf Bultmann suggest about God-talk?
God-talk should focus on human experience rather than outdated supernatural descriptions.
What is the distinction between ‘Speaking of God’ and ‘Speaking about God’?
- Speaking about God: Objectifies God as an external concept.
- Speaking of God: Expresses an existential relationship with God.
What does Ursula Goodenough emphasize about religious language?
Religious language should be seen as symbolic rather than literal.
What is the role of hope in environmental crisis according to Carol Wayne White?
Hope must be engaged with reality and acknowledges uncertainty.
What does apophaticism assert about God?
God cannot be fully known or described.
What critique does Mary Daly offer regarding traditional religion?
Traditional religion upholds male dominance and reinforces male superiority over women.
How does Hans Jonas reevaluate divine power in light of the Holocaust?
God is not omnipotent in the classical sense and created an autonomous world.
What connection exists between Rorty and Gocke regarding religion in public discourse?
Both advocate for a reason-based approach to religion in public discourse.
