Religion And The City: GreekTemples Flashcards
What is a sanctuary
- Holy area in a town or city that had an alter and a temple for a God/Goddess
- Could have more than one temple
- marked off by a wall
- has a spring/fountain at the entrance
How do you get polluted and what is it
- Impure in the God’s eyes
- if you touch a newborn, a corpse or kill someone you become polluted
- if you are polluted you cannot go though the sanctuary
Who are the different Athena’s
Athene Promachos-“to go before battle”
Athene Nike-“victory”
Athene Parthenos-“the virgin”
Athene Polias-“of the city”
Who is said to have established the Temple of Zeus at Olympia and why
Heracles built the Temple of Zeus at Olympia so there could be private sacrifices from locals all year round
OR
Heracles built the Temple of Zeus at Olympia to hold the hecatomb which is the third day of the Olympics(every 4 years) when 100 oxen are sacrificed to Zeus
What is the alter of Zeus
The alter is ashes from sacrifices and rain water which formed a hardened mound
It was built at least 200 years before the temple
It is 7.5m tall
The alter is the most important part of worship
Where is the Temple of Zeus and when was it built
Located in Altis (sanctuary)
Built in 472BC and 64m x 27m
The Olympic Games was founded in 776BC
What did the Temple of have and what was the layout like
Had a three step base, opisthodomos, colonnade and was orientated east to west
What was the statue of Zeus and how was it decorated
Chryselephantine (Gold and ivy)
Made by Phidias who also built the statue of Athene in the Parthenon
What is shown on the east pediment
Pelops and King Oinomaos’ daughter Hippodameia—-the story of the chariot race
What was shown in the west pediment
The battle between the Centaurs and the Lapith men and women
(Order vs chaos)
(Geeks vs barbarians)
What is shown on the metopes from the temple of Zeus at Olympia
Heracles’ 12 labours
What is a colonnade
Row of columns around a temple
What is a cella or naos
Room in the
