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GCSE Exams > Religion, Peace And Justice > Flashcards

Religion, Peace And Justice Flashcards

1
Q

What is Peace?✌️

A

A state or period in which there is no war or a war has ended.
❌

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2
Q

What are some of the CONSEQUENCES of war?

A

Death
Destruction
Disease
Mental illness

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3
Q

What are some of the POSITIVES achieved by war?

A

Some form of peace✌️
Unite people
Stop a greater evil✋

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4
Q

Who wrote Just War Theory and why?

A

St Thomas Aquinas

In order to decide whether or not it was RIGHT to go to war

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5
Q

What are the 7 conditions of Just War Theory?

A 
Proper authority
Just cause
Right intention
Last resort
Discrimination
Success
Proportion
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6
Q

Expand PROPER AUTHORITY (just war theory)

A

War must be declared by a recognised authority such as a GOVERNMENT or a KING

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7
Q

Expand JUST CAUSE (just war theory)

A

The reason for going to war must be a DESIRE to DO GOOD❤️ and STOP EVIL

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8
Q

Expand RIGHT INTENTION (just war theory)

A

PEACE✌️ must be a CENTRAL MOTIVE

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9
Q

Expand LAST RESORT (just war theory)

A

ALL other options have been tried - diplomatic missions, international pressure, negotiations and economic sanctions

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10
Q

Expand DISCRIMINATION (just war theory)

A

Fighting should be directed against the COMBATANTS and SOLDIERS
NOT against unarmed civilians, women and children.

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11
Q

Expand SUCCESS (just war theory)

A

There must be a REASONABLE CHANCE of WINNING the war

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12
Q

Expand PROPORTION (just war theory)

A

Weapons used must be in PROPORTION to the END to be achieved, to REMOVE EVIL.
As soon as the end is achieved, the warfare must CEASE

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13
Q

Examples IN FAVOUR of war from the Old Testament

A

God commands the Israelites to go to war and fight against foreign tribes in order to gain possession of Land.
God is described in military terms as a ‘warrior’.

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14
Q

Examples IN FAVOUR of war from the New Testament

A

Jesus came into contact with soldiers but never told them they were wrong to fight

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15
Q

Examples AGAINST war in Old Testament

A

The Ten Commandments - “you shall not murder”

Sanctity of life - human life is special because we’re made in the image of God and life is a gift from God

Stewardship - humans are made stewards of the Earth by God, which involves looking after the Earth, each other, and the environment.

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16
Q

Examples AGAINST war in New Testament

A

The principle of agape - to love❤️ one’s enemies and pray for those who mistreat us.

To turn the other cheek (Jesus teaches not to respond to violence with violence)❌♨️.

Jesus teaches to follow his example - he was arrested and later crucified, but didn’t resort to violence to defend or protect himself.

17
Q

What is a Pacifist?

A

A person (including a non-Christian) who is opposed to war and violence.
❌
✌️✔️

18
Q

How do Pacifists ‘fight’ against evil in non-violent ways?

A

Marches
Letters and petitions
Internet

19
Q

What is an example of a Christian Church⛪️ that is pacifist?

A

Quakers

They believe Christians should use ‘weapons of the Spirit’ - love, truth and peace - to overcome evil.

20
Q

What are people called who REFUSE to fight in a war?

A

Conscientious objectors

21
Q

Who is an example of a Christian Pacifist?

A

Martin Luther King Jr.

Campaigned peacefully for black people to have equal rights to whites in America during the 1950s and 1960s

22
Q

Give an example of a non-Christian organisation that is against war

A

The CND (Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament)

23
Q

What is war?

A

A state of armed conflict between different countries, or different groups within a country.

24
Q

What are examples of how Christians may believe criminals should be treated?

A 
Forgiveness
Punishment
Reform/rehabilitation
Making amends
Fair treatment
25
Q

Why may some Christians believe criminals should be treated with FORGIVENESS?

A

Bible teaches Christians to forgive people who have done wrong❌
“Be merciful, just as your father (God) is merciful… forgive and God will forgive you.” (Book of Luke in New Testament)

26
Q

Why may some Christians believe criminals should be treated with PUNISHMENT?

A

Many believe punishment is necessary to protect the innocent and keep society safe.
Bible teaches punishment should fit the crime - “and eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth” (book of Deuteronomy in Old Testament)

27
Q

Why may some Christians believe that criminals should be treated with REFORM/REHABILITATION?

A

Often believe criminals should be given chance to reform and that we should help criminals to change by giving them support and counselling.
In Bible Jesus encourages an adulterous woman to change, he says to her “go now and leave your life of sin” and gives her an opportunity to change her ways. (Book of John in New Testament)

28
Q

Why may some Christians believe that criminals should be treated by MAKING AMENDS?

A

Some believe community service♻️ allows Christians to try to make amends for their crime and give something back to society.
Many believe this is a positive way to treat criminals because it punishes them, whilst still allowing them to do good✔️ for society.

29
Q

Why may some Christians believe that criminals should be treated with FAIR TREATMENT?

A

Christians believe in the Sanctity of ALL human life
Life is sacred and valuable no matter what a person has done.
Therefore most Christians believe criminals should be treated fairly, without any violation of their human rights
Jesus said “Remember those in prison as if you were their fellow-prisoners…” (Book of Luke in New Testament)

30
Q

What is JUSTICE?

A

Justice means FAIR TREATMENT
Where crime is concerned justice means dealing fairly with the crime. It should be dealt with in a way that is fair for the criminal, the victim and society.

31
Q

What is CRIME?

A

A crime is committed when someone ‘BREAKS THE LAW’❌

In the UK, we have a CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM - aims to bring justice for all by punishing criminals and protecting society.

32
Q

What are the main aims of punishment?

A

DETERRENT - put off criminals and others from breaking the law
AUTHORITY - show authority of the law & command respect for the law
PROTECTION - protect society from criminals
PAYBACK - get revenge on criminals for their actions
EVEN THE SCORE - get back at the criminal for what they have done wrong
REFORM/REHABILITATION - try to reform the criminal so they will not reoffend

33
Q

What are the different types of punishment given to criminals in today’s world?

A

PRISON - facility that denies criminals a variety of freedoms
COMMUNITY SERVICE - service by criminal to benefit society/the community
FINE - paying a sum of money
PROBATION - court allows a person to remain in community under supervision of a probation officer
CORPORAL PUNISHMENT - bodily punishment (e.g. caning or beating)
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT - death penalty

GCSE Exams (4 decks)

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