religion under James - summer exam Flashcards
(15 cards)
What was the Millenary Petition (1603), and what did it request?
A petition signed by around 1,000 Puritan ministers asking for reforms in the Church of England, such as the abolition of the sign of the cross in baptism, the wearing of the surplice, and conformation and the limitation of ecclesiastical courts.
What was James I’s response to the Millenary Petition?
He called the Hampton Court Conference in January 1604 to address Puritan concerns but resisted major changes to episcopacy, famously saying: “No bishop, no king.”
What were the outcomes of the Hampton Court Conference (1604)?
Minor concessions: agreement to a new Bible translation (King James Version, 1611) and improved clerical training, but most Puritan demands were rejected.
What were Bancroft’s Canons (1604), and what impact did they have?
A set of 141 church laws enforcing strict conformity to Anglican practices, including acceptance of the Thirty-Nine Articles and the Book of Common Prayer. About 80 Puritan clergy were deprived of their positions for refusing to conform.
Who was Richard Bancroft, and what role did he play in religious policy?
Appointed Archbishop of Canterbury in 1604, Bancroft led a campaign to enforce conformity through the 1604 Canons and by removing nonconforming ministers.
How did the 1605 Gunpowder Plot affect Catholic policy under James I?
It led to renewed anti-Catholic legislation: recusancy fines were increased, and Catholics were banned from practicing law or holding public office.
what was the oath of allegiance?
1606 - came as a result of the gunpowder plot it offered catholic recusants to declare their allegiance to the king not the pope.
How did James I’s attitude toward Catholics evolve over his reign?
Initially tolerant, he later became more repressive, particularly after the Gunpowder Plot and under pressure from Parliament and public opinion.
What was the significance of the King James Bible (1611)?
It was a politically useful project promoting unity, based on the best existing translations. While conservative in tone, it pleased moderate Puritans and reinforced royal authority over religious doctrine.
What is Arminianism, and how did it rise under James I?
A theological movement emphasizing free will and ceremonial worship. James supported some Arminians late in his reign, such as Bishop Lancelot Andrewes, which alarmed Calvinist Puritans.
How did Parliament react to James I’s religious policies?
Parliament often pressured James to enforce anti-Catholic laws more strictly and distrusted his foreign and religious leniency, especially in the 1620s during Spanish Match negotiations.
What was the Spanish Match and why did it cause religious tension?
Proposed marriage between Prince Charles and the Spanish Catholic Infanta. It created fears of Catholic influence at court and concessions to Catholics, provoking strong opposition in Parliament.
Who was George Abbot and what was his role in Church policy?
Archbishop of Canterbury from 1611, a Calvinist who opposed Arminianism. He oversaw the church during a relatively moderate phase before Charles I’s reign shifted policy.
How many Catholic priests were executed during James I’s reign?
Fewer than under Elizabeth I—around 25 priests were executed between 1603 and 1625, reflecting James’s relative moderation despite pressures.
Did James I successfully maintain religious stability?
Largely yes—he avoided major religious rebellion, but divisions persisted, and his preference for episcopacy and tolerance of Arminianism sowed seeds of later conflict.
