RELIGIOUS CHANGE 1547-61

Question 1

WHAT WAS MARYS DESIRE

Answer 1

• restore catholic faith and church of England, not unpopular
• locals began restoring catholic practices before Marys government even ordered it

Question 2

WHAT WAS MARYS MAIN PROBLEMS IN 1553

Answer 2

• strong protestant minority in London
• reformed protestant church of England had been established by statue law
• political elites, Mary depended on support from, had quired church land and had no desire in returning

Question 3

HOW DID MARY DEAL WITH HER INITIAL RELIGIOUS PROBLEMS

Answer 3

• some prominent protestant clergy including 7 bishops, derived of earnings
• foreign protestants ordered to leave the country
• around 80 MPs voted against the religious change of marys first parliament

Question 4

WHAT WAS AGREED IN MARYS FIRST PARLIAMENT

Answer 4

• Edwardian religious legislation was repealed by legal status of church of England upheld
• church restored to its state of 1547
• clergy who had married could be derived of their livings

Question 5

HOW IS POPE JULIUS RELEVANT IN RELIGIOUS CHANGE

Answer 5

• he demanded that church submit to Rome before dispensations to landowners and ex church property could be granted
• 1554 Julius agreed not to try claim back church land that had been sold - reduced opposition to return of Catholicism from MPs and local landowners
• cardinal pole sent to England as legate and archbishop of Canterbury to facilitate change to Catholicism

Question 6

WHAT HAPPENED IN THE THIRD PARLIAMENT (54-55)

Answer 6

• restored heresy laws- made it punishable by death to deny papal supremacy
• act of supremacy made pope leader of church again

Question 7

WHAT WERE MARYS KEY RELIGIOUS REFORMS

Answer 7

• Repealed earlier religious legislation and reinstated catholic faith
• persecuted protestants- 280 protestants burnt
• heresy laws turned people against Mary so at end she was widely unpopular

Question 8

LIST SOME OTHER KEY RELIGIOUS REFORMS

Answer 8

• pole tried to increase number of priests
• appointed new bishops to preach and oversee carefully religious life
• proposed that each cathedral should have a seminary for training priests

Question 9

WHAT WAS ELIZABETHS RELIGIOUS SETTLEMENT

Answer 9

• Provided a middle way between Catholicism and Protestantism
• enacted in Elizabeth’s first parliament
• established the royal supremacy
• set out the way for the church to be organised and content and conduct of services

Question 10

WHAT WAS ELIZABETHS ACT OF SUPREMACY

Answer 10

• repealed the papal supremacy and heresy laws
• reinstated the religious legislation of the henry v111 and revived powers of royal visitation of the church
• made queen supreme governor
• demanded an oath of supremacy for all clergymen and church officials

Question 11

WHAT WAS ELIZABETHS ACT OF UNIFORMITY

Answer 11

• Demanded everyone goes to church once a week or pay a fine
• this established the use of the new common prayer book, was made more acceptable to traditionally minded worshippers

Question 12

WHAT WERE ELZABETHS ROYAL INJUCTIONS

Answer 12

gave specific instructions such as

• the removal of things superstitious from churches
• the purchase of an English bible and a copy of Erasmus paraphrases by every parish church
• the celebration of the eucharist at a simple communion table
• the suppression of catholic practices
• the requirement that any prospective wife of a clergyman had to produce a certificate to indicate her fitness for the role

Question 13

WHAT WAS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RELIGIOUS SETTLEMENT

Answer 13

• offered a compromise
• Elizabeth was placed under pressure from two extremes
• puritan choir- radical clergymen and MPs who may have forced her to accept a more protestant prayer book that she had really wanted
• catholic bishops- strongly opposed the uniformity bill believing it to be way too protestant

Question 14

WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE ELIZABETHAN SETTLEMENT

Answer 14

• was clearly protestant
• in December 59 all Marian bishops refused to consecrate the new arch bishop of Canterbury so positions filled by protestants exiled under Mary

Question 15

WHAT WAS ELIZABETHS PERSONAL OPINION ON THE RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENTS

Answer 15

• She was more conservative than her strongly protestant supporters
• she dissaproved of the clergy marrying, distrusted preaching and favoured the musical culture of the cathedrals and uni colleges

Question 16

WHAT WERE OTHERS OPINIONS OF THE RELIGIOUS SETTLEMENT

Answer 16

• queen- viewed settlement as an act of state, defining relationship between crown and church

Question 17

WHICH DIRECTION DID RELIGION MOVE UNDER EDWARD

Answer 17

• firmly protestanism

Question 18

WHAT RELIGIOUS CHANGES OCCURED UNDER SOMERSET

Answer 18

• Known for more radical chaneg
• 1547- treason act, allowed religious issues to be discussed and removed censorship, protestant material could be brought to England
• 1545- dissolve chantries to secure their wealth.
• spate of iconoclasm in London, led to widespread destruction, injunctions against pilgrimages and other were later reissued
• 49- Cranmer introduced common prayer book enforced by act of uniformity, the book translated traditional services into English to enhance understanding, used wording which suggested still might allow the believe in transubstantiation

Question 19

LIST RELIGIOUS CHANGES UNDER NORTHUMBERLAND

Answer 19

• Removal of altars and reforms to church services combing Lutheran and Calvinist elements
• the 1552 common prayer book, accompanied by another act of uniformity, these removed remaining conservative ceremonies, gave protestant form to baptism, restricted church music, banned traditional vestments
• Cranmer forty two articles of religion, provided an official protestant statement of doctrine

Question 20

WHAT WERE THE IMPACTS OF SOCIETY BASED ON THE RELIGIOUS CHANGE UNDER EDWARD

Answer 20

• Services plainer traditional practices declined
• people less inclined to leave money to their parish churches
• church slowly loosing wealth as land taken and seized
• loss of chantries and charitable functions of the monasteries including caring for sick, negative effect on communities