Remote Sensing & R.S. Products

Question 1

What are the 4 components of Incident Radiation?

Answer 1

1) Transmission
2) Emission
3) Absorption
4) Reflection

Question 2

What are the 3 remote sensing ranges?

Answer 2

1) Visible Light & Reflective IR
2) Emitted & Thermal IR
3) Microwave

Question 3

What are the 7 steps of the remote sensing process?

Answer 3

1) Source of radiation (Sun)
2) Incident radiation
3) Target
4) Reflection
5) Sensor
6) Processing
7) Product

Question 4

What are the 3 sources of energy?

Answer 4

1) Sunlight
2) Objects
3) Sensors

Question 5

What is the difference between a passive and an active sensor?

Answer 5

A passive sensor uses existing (ambient) energy; an active sensor generates its own energy

Question 6

The total area that can be captured by a sensor is its…

Answer 6

Field of Regard (FOR)

Question 7

The area perceivable by the sensor at a particular time instant is its…

Answer 7

Field of View (FOV)

Question 8

The area actually imaged by the sensor is its…

Answer 8

Sensor swath

Question 9

What are the 4 types of sensor resolution?

Answer 9

1) Spatial
2) Spectral
3) Temporal
4) Radiometric

Question 10

The definition of spatial resolution:

Answer 10

The finest detail distinguishable in an image, measured in meters, i.e. how many meters are depicted per pixel (1m resolution much better than 30m).

Question 11

Spatial resolution is aka…

Answer 11

Instantaneous FOV

Question 12

The definition of radiometric resolution:

Answer 12

The ability to detect differences in energy magnitude. Measured in bits (more bits=more levels of brightness detected=better resolution).

Question 13

The definition of spectral resolution:

Answer 13

Differentiation between distinct wavelengths of received EM radiation

Question 14

The definition of temporal resolution:

Answer 14

The frequency at which data are captured for a specific place, i.e. how often images are taken.

Question 15

The definition of revisit rate:

Answer 15

The time between imaging opportunities for a given point on the Earth’s surface, i.e. how long until a satellite flies over the same spot again.

Question 16

What type of resolution information involves dimensional characteristics (location, size, shape, number, motion, surface structure)?

Answer 16

Spatial info

Question 17

What type of resolution information involves the total amount of radiant energy (emissivity, reflectivity, type material, chemical composition)?

Answer 17

Radiometric (intensity) info

Question 18

What type of resolution information involves radiation as a function of wavelength (temperature, resonance, type material)?

Answer 18

Spectral info

Question 19

What type of resolution information involves time-changing characteristics (sensor geographical/orbital characteristics/capabilities)?

Answer 19

Temporal info

Question 20

What are the 4 bands of IR, in order of increasing wavelength?

Answer 20

1) NIR
2) SWIR
3) MWIR
4) LWIR

Question 21

What are the remote sensing EMR bands, in order of increasing wavelength (decreasing freq)?

Answer 21

Visible
NIR
SWIR
MWIR
LWIR
Microwaves: EHF, SHF, UHF

Question 22

Which band(s) can analyze crops & vegetation and detect camoflage?

Answer 22

NIR & SWIR

Question 23

Which band(s) can measure thermal radiation?

Answer 23

MWIR & LWIR

Question 24

Shortwave/high freq=
_____ detail; _____ penetration

Answer 24

More; less

Question 25

Longwave/low freq = _____ detail; _____ penetration

Answer 25

Less; more

Question 26

Which microwave band offers high spatial resolution and provides imagery day or night?

Answer 26

EHF

Question 27

Which microwave band can penetrate heavy weather, smoke, fog with good (but not great) spatial resolution?

Answer 27

SHF

Question 28

Which microwave band offers very good penetration (tree canopy, sea water) but has low spatial resolution?

Answer 28

UHF

Question 29

Which orbit is used for optical sensing?

Answer 29

Sun-synchronous (LEO)

Question 30

What are the 3 remote sensing imagery classifications?

Answer 30

1) Panchromatic (grayscale) - good spatial rez 2) Multispectral Imaging (MSI) - lower spatial rez 3) Hyperspectral - low spatial rez

Question 31

What colors (bands) does panchromatic imaging collect?

Answer 31

Blue, gree & red (displays in grayscale)

Question 32

What band(s) does MSI capture?

Answer 32

Light (including IR) from a narrow range of wavelength across the EM spectrum.

Question 33

How does hyperspectral collect light?

Answer 33

Hundreds of very narrow bands across the visible & IR spectrum.

Question 34

Hyperspectral provides _____ discrimination but _____ spatial rez.

Answer 34

High; low

Question 35

Which type of imagery can distiguish between many kinds of vegetation?

Answer 35

Hyperspectral (Hyperion)

Question 36

Spatial rez (size & shape) and spectral rez (composition) are _____ proportional.

Answer 36

Inversely

Question 37

Using gases to determine composition is a function of...

Answer 37

Spectroscopy

Question 38

Which remote sensing application can determine how much water is in dirt (mud!)?

Answer 38

Hydrology

Question 39

Which remote sensing app uses temporal rez?

Answer 39

Change detection (red has fled, blue is new)

Question 40

Which remote sensing app can map the sea floor (trenches, reefs, depth)?

Answer 40

Bathymetry

Question 41

Which is the only remote sensing band that cannot be used both day and night?

Answer 41

Visible light

Question 42

To get a combo of spatial & spectral rez requires what technique?

Answer 42

Image fusion