Renal

Question 1

Goodpasture’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease due to antibody directed at the glomerular basement membrane. The most frequent class of antibody implicated in this disease is

Answer 1

IgG.

Question 2

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome is a syndrome composing of the triad of:

Answer 2

Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
Low platelets, and
Renal failure

Question 3

MCC of HUS?

Answer 3

E.coli

usually the O157:H7 subtype

Question 4

Tx of SIADH

Answer 4

Demeclocycline

Question 5

post strep vs minial change?

Answer 5

post strep = protein and blood

minimal = protein alone

Question 6

Struvite stone composition?

Answer 6

AMP, Ammonium , Magnesium and phosphate

Question 7

ADPKD is associated with?

Answer 7

SAH

Question 8

How to Dx PKD in pts? (2)

Answer 8

<20 Genetic analysis

>20 US

Question 9

The mainstay of treatment of AIN? i

Answer 9

withdraw any drug (eg NSAIDs) which may be causative. High-dose prednisolone is indicated in some cases to hasten recovery

Question 10

The history of rapidly worsening symptoms of asthma, accompanied by hypertension, raised creatinine and blood and proteinuria are features of

Answer 10

Churg-Strauss.

Question 11

Tx of chug strauss?

Answer 11

High dose steroids

with the addition of cyclophosphamide or azathioprine

Question 12

Tx of choice for tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) secondary to chemotherapy

Answer 12

IV Rasburicase

if that fails, try hemodialysis

Question 13

PKD 1 found on chromosome?

PKD 2?

Answer 13

Csome =16

c’some 2x2 = 4

Question 14

Tx of ethylene glycol poisoning;

Answer 14

Fomepizole

Ethanol is also an antidote for ethylene glycol, but if available, fomepizole is the preferred option.

Question 15

A renal biopsy shows focal deposition of IgG and C3 with a granular pattern is what type of glomerulonephritis?

Answer 15

Membranous glomerulonephritis

Question 16

clarithromycin interacts with——-especially in those with kidney transplant

Answer 16

cyclosporine

Question 17

A young man presenting with
renal failure,
haematuria and
liver and renal masses raises the suspicion of

Answer 17

polycystic kidney disease.

Question 18

IgA nephropathy vs Post Strep?

Answer 18

IgA after 3 days

post strep after 1 to 3 weeks

Question 19

Effacement of podocytes on electron microscopy think ?

Answer 19

Minimal change

Question 20

Humps in the subepitheilal space on electron microscopy think?

Answer 20

post strep

Question 21

IgA deposition in the mesangium

Answer 21

IgA Nephropathy

Question 22

The tram track appearance on light microscopy represents

Answer 22

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Question 23

P-ANCA is associated with

Answer 23

Polyangitis

Question 24

anti-cytoplasmic ANCA (c-ANCA) positivity is associated with?

Answer 24

Wegener’s granulomatosis

Question 25

The features of shoulder pain associated with a past history of carpal tunnel syndrome in a patient receiving haemodialysis suggests a diagnosis of

Answer 25

ß2 microglobulin amyloidosis.

Question 26

What is the most useful therapy to reduce ca stone formation?

Answer 26

Potassium citrate

Both thiazide diuretics and potassium citrate can be used to reduce urinary excretion of calcium. Potassium citrate is generally preferred as it has fewer side effects, and is therefore better tolerated.