Renal Physiology Flashcards
(25 cards)
Total body water
60% of body weight
Extracellular fluid
20% of body weight
Intracellular fluid
40% of body weight
Plasma volume
5% of body weight
Blood volume
Plasma volume / 1-HCT
Formula for blood volume when the hematocrit is unknown
7% of body weight
A biomarker for determining the volume of extracellular fluid
Mannitol and inulin
A biomarker for determining plasma volume
Evans blue
Normal urine output
0.5-1 ml/kg/hr
Normal plasma osmolarity
280 -305m Osm/L
Biomarker for total body weight
Heavy water D2O or Tritiated water
Serum (ECF) osmolarity
2 (Na + K+) + urea + glucose
Normal serum osmolarity
280 - 305 mmol/L
Metabolic water produced during dehydration synthesis of anabolism
300ml/24 hours
How much IVF to give if NPO?
4-2-1 rule
4ml- for first 10kg
2ml- for next 10kg
1ml -for any additional weight
Estimation of serum osmolarity
2(Na + K+ ) + Urea+ glucose
Which hormone does the Supraoptic nucleus produce?
ADH
Which hormones does the paraventricular nucleus produce
Oxytocin
ADH is stored in which part of the pituitary gland?
Neurohypophysis
Stimuli for ADH secretion
Increase ECF osmolarity and decreased ECF volume
Which stimuli has a greater effect on ADH release?
Increase ECF release
Because the osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus are extremely sensitive to change in osmolarity
Where are ADH receptors, V1 and V2 found respectively
On vascular smooth muscles and in the kidneys
What is the main stimulus for renin production?
Reduced renal perfusion/ reduced renal flow
ACE- angiotensin converting enzyme is produced primarily by the
Lungs
