renal physiology lab

Question 1

KIDNEYS

Answer 1

maintain blood volume, pH, and remove toxins and products of metabolic reactions.

Question 2

ERYTHROPOIETIN

Answer 2

imports hormones that increase the production of red blood cells in response to oxygen levels.

Question 3

NEPHRON

Answer 3

functional unit of kidney. Includes: bowmans capsule, proximal convoluted and distal convoluted tubules, loop of Henle (both the descending and ascending), and collecting duct.

Question 4

BOWMANS CAPSULE

Answer 4

serves to filter, the remaining portion serves to reabsorb components of the filtrate or actively secrete ions/toxins/metabolic byproducts for elimination.

Question 5

PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE:

Answer 5

glucose, amino acids, bicarbonate

Question 6

LOOP OF HENLE:

Answer 6

descending=H20, ascending=NA+ (sodium)

Question 7

KIDNEYS USE BOTH WHAT AND WHAT

Answer 7

passive and active transport mechanisms

Question 8

PASSIVE

Answer 8

reabsorption of H2O and solutes, NO ATP NEEDED

Question 9

ACTIVE

Answer 9

uses ATP

Question 10

VASA RECTA

Answer 10

collection of blood vessels that surround the nephron. In order to return fluid and solutes to the circulatory system, they are collected by the vasa recta.

Question 11

DIURETIC

Answer 11

increase urine volume

Question 12

ANTIDIURETIC

Answer 12

increase reabsorption of water. LOWER urine volume.

Question 13

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Answer 13

increased reabsorption via aquaporins, primarily in the collecting duct.

Question 14

ALDOSTERONE

Answer 14

increased reabsorption of Na+(salt) , water follows via osmosis. increasing salt, water will follow the salt, similar to ADH.

Question 15

ANF (Atrial natriuretic factor )

Answer 15

the hormone responsible for increased excretion of Na+, water follows the solute, increased urine volume

Question 16

ANF IS A…..diuretic/antidiuretic ?

Answer 16

diuretic

Question 17

furosemide

Answer 17

prevents reabsorption of solutes, increase urine volume

Question 18

Why does alcohol inhibit ADH secretion?

Answer 18

It reduces how much ADH you make, so it increases how much urine you produce. The ADH signals your kidneys to hold on to water. By suppressing ADH, alcohol can make the kidneys release more water.

Question 19

renal carcinoma means

Answer 19

kidney cancer

Question 20

Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 20

damage to the pituitary gland, dysfunction of ADH

Question 21

Glucose uses primarily what transport

Answer 21

secondary active transport facilitated diffusion.

Question 22

Chloride uses ____ _____ along an ____ chemical _____

Answer 22

simple diffusion along an electrochemical gradient