Renal, Scrotum, Thyroid, GI, Prostate, ABD Wall, Pylorus, Pleura

Question 1

What courses posterior to the IVC?

Answer 1

right renal artery

Question 2

What does the main renal artery branch into once at the kidney?

Answer 2

arcuate and interlobar arteries

Question 3

What arteries run along the outer renal parenchyma / renal cortex?

Answer 3

arcuate arteries

Question 4

What is always completed prior to a renal artery duplex?

Answer 4

complete aorta U/S, complete aorta duplex, complete renal U/S

Question 5

Where is the renal artery located?

Answer 5

just inferior to the SMA

Question 6

What does the renal artery look like?

Answer 6

floppy dog ears

Question 7

What section of the renal artery is just off the aorta?

Answer 7

prox

Question 8

What section of the renal artery is posterior to the IVC?

Answer 8

mid

Question 9

What section of the renal artery is at the renal hilum?

Answer 9

distal

Question 10

What is the normal waveform for the renal artery?

Answer 10

low resistant with continuous diastolic flow

Question 11

What kind of flow is parenchymal flow?

Answer 11

slow and low resistant

Question 12

What are the 3 portions of the stomach?

Answer 12

fundus, body, antrum

Question 13

What occurs with hypertrophy / enlargement of the pyloric muscle?

Answer 13

pyloric stenosis

Question 14

What are the symptoms of pyloric stenosis?

Answer 14

projectile vomiting and palpable abdominal mass

Question 15

Which gender is pyloric stenosis more common in?

Answer 15

males

Question 16

What is referred to as the ‘doughnut sign’?

Answer 16

pyloris

Question 17

What are the normal measurements for the pyloris muscle?

Answer 17

> 3mm

Question 18

What are the normal measurements for the pyloris channel length?

Answer 18

> 12mm

Question 19

What are the normal measurements for the pyloris cross section?

Answer 19

> 15mm

Question 20

What extends from the xiphoid process to the pubic bone?

Answer 20

rectus abdominal muscles

Question 21

What is the fibrous connective tissue covering the rectus abdominal muscles anteriorly and posteriorly?

Answer 21

rectus sheath

Question 22

The sheaths join together at midline to create this?

Answer 22

line alba

Question 23

What is a weakening or hole in the abdominal wall muscles?

Answer 23

hernia

Question 24

What may be included in herniated tissue?

Answer 24

covering of bowels, small bowel, large bowel, fat

Question 25

What are the risk factors for hernia?

Answer 25

surgery, obesity, elderly, malnutrition, injury/strain/lifting

Question 26

What are common locations for a hernia?

Answer 26

umbilical, inguinal, epigastric/ventral, femoral

Question 27

What weakens and thins the linea alba?

Answer 27

pregnancy and obesity

Question 28

What is the modality of choice to view the appendix?

Answer 28

CT

Question 29

What are you looking for when scanning the appendix?

Answer 29

blind ending, tubular structure

Question 30

What is the normal measurement of the appendix?

Answer 30

less than 6mm

Question 31

What does the scrotum consist of?

Answer 31

testicle, spermatic cord, epididymis

Question 32

What does the testicle look like in long?

Answer 32

oval

Question 33

What does the testicle look like in trans?

Answer 33

round

Question 34

What has a pyrimidal shape with the top wider than the bottom?

Answer 34

prostate

Question 35

Which part of the prostate is the base?

Answer 35

cephalic portion

Question 36

Which part of the prostate is the apex?

Answer 36

caudal portion

Question 37

The prostate is _____ to the bladder

Answer 37

inferior

Question 38

The prostate is ____ to the rectum

Answer 38

anterior

Question 39

The prostate is ____ to the pubic bone

Answer 39

posterior

Question 40

What does the prostate surround?

Answer 40

portion of the urethra

Question 41

What courses through the prostate?

Answer 41

right and left ejaculatory ducts

Question 42

What transports sperm from the testes to join fluid in the seminal vesicles?

Answer 42

ductus deferens

Question 43

What is the ductus deferens aka

Answer 43

vas deferens

Question 44

What are paired sac like tubes that are reservoirs for seminal fluid?

Answer 44

seminal vesicles

Question 45

Where are the seminal vesicles located?

Answer 45

at base of bladder, posterior to bladder

Question 46

What does a empty seminal vesicle look like?

Answer 46

curvilinear, hypoechoic

Question 47

What does a full seminal vesicle look like?

Answer 47

ovoid, hypoechoic structures with internal echoes/fluid

Question 48

The seminal vesicles join with the vas deferens to form the ___________

Answer 48

ejaculatory duct

Question 49

Where does the ejaculatory duct join at?

Answer 49

mid prostate level

Question 50

What is the area where the seminal vesicle and vas deferens join to form the ejaculatory duct known as?

Answer 50

verumontanum

Question 51

What does the verumontanum look like sonographically?

Answer 51

eiffel tower sign

Question 52

What is the exit pathway for semen and urine?

Answer 52

urethra

Question 53

What is a DRE?

Answer 53

digital rectal exam

Question 54

What is needed to view the prostate transabdominally?

Answer 54

full bladder

Question 55

What is the pt position for transrectal prostate exam?

Answer 55

left lateral decub with knees pulled in

Question 56

Is transrectal or transabdominal better for prostate?

Answer 56

transrectal, closer to anatomy

Question 57

The image is inverted when viewing the prostate in what view?

Answer 57

transrectal

Question 58

What is the space between adjacent ribs?

Answer 58

intercostal space

Question 59

What is the cartilage loacated between the 1st ten ribs and the sternum?

Answer 59

costal cartilage

Question 60

What is the site of gaseous exchange between blood and respiratory air?

Answer 60

lungs

Question 61

What is the shape of the lungs?

Answer 61

conical

Question 62

Where is the apex of the lungs locateD?

Answer 62

slightly above 1st rib

Question 63

What is the concave shaped based that sits on the diaphragm of the lungs called?

Answer 63

dome

Question 64

What is the root of the lung that has an opening on the medial surface?

Answer 64

hilum

Question 65

How many lobes does the right lung have?

Answer 65

3

Question 66

How many lobes does the left lung have?

Answer 66

2

Question 67

What are the lobes of the lung divided by?

Answer 67

fissures

Question 68

`What is the terminal bifurcation of the trachea called?

Answer 68

primary bronchi

Question 69

Secondary bronchi are aka

Answer 69

lobar

Question 70

How many secondary bronchus to each lobe of the lung?

Answer 70

1

Question 71

Tertiary bronchi are aka

Answer 71

segmental

Question 72

What extends into each segment of a lobe of the lung?

Answer 72

tertiary bronchi

Question 73

How many bronchopulminary segments per lung?

Answer 73

10

Question 74

What is the terminal end of the bronchial tree?

Answer 74

bronchiole

Question 75

What is the functional unit of the respiratory system?

Answer 75

alveoli

Question 76

What is the pleural surface closest to the lung called?

Answer 76

visceral pleura

Question 77

What is the pleural surface closes to the ribs and chest wall?

Answer 77

parietal pleura

Question 78

What is the presence of air between pleural leaflets, preventing adequate pleural sliding and causing possible collaspe of the lung?

Answer 78

pneumothorax

Question 79

What is the fluid build up in the lung preventing adequate pleural function and causing possible collaspe of the lung?

Answer 79

pleural effusion

Question 80

What is thoracentesis?

Answer 80

drainage from the pleural cavity

Question 81

What are A lines a result of?

Answer 81

acoustic reverberation causing hyperechoic lines parallel to pleural line, also the density difference between pleura and lung

Question 82

What should the M Mode of the lung look like?

Answer 82

'seashore sign'

Question 83

If a pt has pneumothorax what will the M Mode look like?

Answer 83

barcode

Question 84

What pathology can B lines be present in?

Answer 84

pulmonary edema

Question 85

What is the normal length of the thyroid?

Answer 85

5-6cm

Question 86

What is the normal width and A/P measurement of the thyroid?

Answer 86

2cm

Question 87

What is the normal A/P measurement of the thyroid isthmus?

Answer 87

isthmus

Question 88

What is the main function of the thyroid?

Answer 88

synthesis, storage and secretion of thyroid hormones

Question 89

What are the thyroid hormones responsible for?

Answer 89

body metabolism and growth/development