renal system Flashcards
(21 cards)
kidneys produce
urine
where are the kidneys located
ventral to (in front) and on both sides of spine
- in the dorsal part of abdomen
what provides the kidneys with blood
abdominal artery that branches into renal artery
how much blood travels through kidneys every min
20-25%
T/F
renal ARTERY brings blood to kidneys, renal VEIN returns blood to caudal vena cava
TRUE
kidneys are important for
controlling bloodstream lvls of electrocytes (Na, K, Cl)
the ureter is
tubular structure
- carries urine to bladder
vomiting can result in the loss of
electrocytes
- kidneys work to preserve them
what does kidneys divide into
outer cortex
medullar
innermost kidney pelvis
urine is made by
nephron (structural unit)
describe the process of urine production
- begins in glomerulus
- blood pressure drives filtration
- filtered fluids move through proximal tubule
- active transport cycle
- renin-angiotensin system - mechanism to help control BP
what is specific gravity
concentration of urine
- theoretically - liquid’s weight relative to distilled water
- higher c = higher specific gravity (more solute/water in urine)
what is used to calculate specific gravity
refractometer
how is ammonia (NH3) formed
metabolization of amino acids
what is performed in the nephron tubules
large amts of absorption and secretion
T/F
ammonia = tissue-toxic
TRUE
what is urea made of
ammonia + co2 = urea
what is bladder lined with
transitional epithelium
- ability to stretch when filled
males urethra is much ___ than females, which ___ their infection rate
longer (and narrow)
lowers
os penis
penis bone - narrowest part of urethra
percent dehydration
6-7% = eyes slightly sunken
= skin turgor slightly slower
= moist membranes
8-9% = eyes obvi sunken
= skin turgor obvi slower
= membranes tacky/sticky
10-12% = eyes deeply sunken
= skin turgor very slow
= membranes dry
