Renal System

Question 1

Glomerular Filtration is:

Answer 1

The first step in making urine. It is the process that your kidneys use to filter excess fluid and waste products out of the blood into the urine collecting tubules of the kidney, so that they may be eliminated from your body.

Question 2

What are the Main Substances in Urine?

Answer 2

metabolic waste- e.g, urea and creatinine
electrolytes- inorganic compounds (including sodium, \potassium, calcium, chloride, and bicarbonate) that your body uses to control the fluid content inside your body fluids.
and water.

Question 3

The first step in making urine is:

Answer 3

to separate the part of your blood (plasma), which contains all the dissolved solutes, from your blood cells. Each nephron in your kidney (there are millions) contain a microscopic filter, called glomerulus, that is constantly filtering your blood.

Question 4

Where is the glomerulus located?

Answer 4

In a cup-like sac located at the end of each nephron (glomerular capsule).

Question 5

Break down: efferent arterioles

Answer 5

Efferent- To carry away from

Arterioles -One of the small branches of an artery, especially one that connects with capillaries.

Question 6

Layers of the glomerular capsule ( Inside out)

1st layer

Answer 6

Endothelium- Large pores (70-100 nanometers in diameter) which solutes, plasma proteins, and fluid can pass through, but not blood cells

Question 7

Layers of the glomerular capsule ( Inside out)

2nd layer

Answer 7

Basement membrane- this membrane is also made up of three layers and is fused to the endothelial layer. Its job is to prevent plasma proteins from being filtered out of the bloodstream.

Question 8

Layers of the glomerular capsule ( Inside out)

3rd layer

Answer 8

Epithelium- This layer consist of specialized cells called podocytes. These cells are attached to the basement membrane by foot processes (pedicels). They wrap around the capillaries but leave slits between them, known as filtration slits. A thin diaphragm between the slits acts as a final filtration barrier before the fluid enters the glomerular space.

Question 9

What makes the renal corpuscle?

Answer 9

The glomerulus and glomerular capsule filtering unit.

Question 10

What are the ideal GFR rates?

Answer 10

(Glomerular Filtration Rates) https://ka-perseus-images.s3.amazonaws.com/b5c377f61e418edaed421766933156b0eae6b911.svg