Renal/Urinary System Flashcards
What’s a nephron?
Main area of the kidney where filtration occurs
What’s ultrafiltration?
Separation of smaller molecules such as glucose and water
What’s selective reabsorption?
Where molecules in the glomerular substrate are retaken by the capillaries at the proximal convoluted tubule.
Why is the reabsorption selective?
Selective because only some molecules are retaken
What are the steps for selective reabsorption?
1) Reabsorbed at the collecting ducts. This is controlled by ADH.
2) hypothalamus detects the blood is too concentrated, tells the pituitary gland to release ADH which travels from the blood stream to the kidneys.
3) ADH makes the collecting ducts permeable to water meaning more water is absorbed.
4) remaining substances arrive at the collecting ducts
What happens when you don’t have enough water?
1) Blood becomes more concentrated
2) Pituitary gland release more ADH
3) At kidney tubules,collecting ducts become more permeable to water
4) More water is reabsorbed back into the blood
5) Urine becomes more concentrated and the blood becomes more dilute
What happens when you have too much water?
1) Blood becomes less concentrated
2) pituitary gland to release less ADH
3) At kidney tubules, collecting ducts become less permeable to water
4) Less water is reabsorbed back into the blood
5) Urine becomes more dilute and blood becomes more concentrated
What’s the function of the Urinary system?
Creates, stores and removes urine, which removes wastes such as urea
What is the glomerulus
The glomerulus filters blood and produces glomerular filtrate. This filtrate contains water, glucose, salts and urea.
What is the Bowman’s capsule
The bowman’s capsule collects the filtrate and it enters the tubules.
What is the collecting duct
The collecting duct collects the urine, which is then transported in the ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until the body is ready to remove it through the urethra.
