Renal, Urinary Systems, and Electrolytes Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Renal, Urinary Systems, and Electrolytes Deck (11)
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1
Q

RTA 1 pathology

A
  • impaired urine acidification in the distal renal tublules
  • non-aniongap metabolic acidosis
2
Q

RTA 2 pathology

A
  • impaired bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules
  • non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
3
Q

what are some causes of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis?

A
  • diarrhea
  • fistulas
  • carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
  • renal tubular acidosis
  • ureteral diversion
  • iatrogenic
4
Q

type 4 RTA

A

hyperkalemic RTA

non anion gap metabolic acidosis

commonly seen in poorly controlled diabetes

5
Q

treatment of severe hypercalcemia <14mg/dL

A

aggressive saline hydration (several liters of normal saline)

6
Q

which nephrotic syndrom eis associated with hep B?

A

membranous nephropathy

7
Q

which nephrotic syndrome is commonly associated with HIV patients?

A

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

8
Q

IgA nephropathy, presents with nephritic syndrome with/after upper respiratory or GI infection

A

Berger’s disease

9
Q

hemoptysis and glomerulonephritis

A

Goodpasture syndrome

10
Q

an acute elevation in serum creatinine of at least 30% over baseline after starting an

ACE inhibitor suggests ________ as a cause of secondary hypertension

A

renal artery stenosis

11
Q

which nephrotic syndrome is associated with syphillis?

A

membranous nephropathy; defect in the glomerular basement membrane, with complement activation and IgG